Individual and Collective Positive Health Behaviors and Academic Achievement Among U.S. High School Students,Youth Risk Behavior Survey 2017

Abstract

Purpose

We examined associations between academic grades and positive health behaviors, individually and collectively, among U.S. high school students.

Design

Cross-sectional study design.

Setting:

Data were from the 2017 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey. Response rates were 75% for schools, 81% for students, and 60% overall (n = 14,765 students).

Subjects

Youth in grades 9th–12th.

Measures

We focused on youth behaviors that can prevent or delay the onset of chronic health conditions. Seven dietary, 3 physical activity, 2 sedentary screen time, and 4 tobacco product use behaviors were assessed. Variables were dichotomized (0/1) to indicate that a score was given to the positive health behavior response (e.g.,, did not smoke cigarettes = 1). A composite score was created by summing each positive health behavior response among 16 total health behaviors.

Analysis

Multivariable logistic regression analyses for each individual health behavior, and a multivariable negative binomial regression for the composite score, were conducted with self-reported academic grades, controlling for sex, grade in school, race/ethnicity, and body mass index (BMI) categories.

Results

Controlling for covariates, students who reported mostly A’s had 2.0 (P < .001) more positive health behaviors; students who reported mostly B’s had 1.3 (P < .001) more positive health behaviors; and students who reported mostly C’s had .78 (P < .001) more positive health behaviors, compared to students who reported mostly D’s/F’s.

Conclusions

Higher academic grades are associated with more positive individual and cumulative health behaviors among high school students. Understanding these relationships can help inform efforts to create a healthy and supportive school environment and strive for health equity.