Changes in Self-Reported Health and Psychosocial Outcomes in Older Adults Enrolled in Sedentary Behavior Intervention Study

Abstract

Purpose:

To estimate changes in self-reported health and psychosocial factors associated with a 12-week sedentary behavior intervention for older adults.

Design:

Exploratory secondary analysis of pilot randomized controlled trial.

Setting:

Kaiser Permanente Washington

Subjects:

Sixty adults aged 60 to 89 with body mass index ≥30 kg/m².

Intervention:

Participants were randomized to the I-STAND intervention or control group. I-STAND involved 6 coaching sessions, a study workbook, Jawbone UP activity tracker to prompt breaks from sitting, and activPAL feedback on objective sitting time.

Measures:

At baseline and 12-week follow-up, participants completed a survey with validated measures of self-reported health outcomes (depression, stress, memory/concentration, sleep, pain, ability to do daily activities, energy, and quality of life) and modified scales measuring psychosocial factors (perceived benefits/barriers, social support, self-efficacy, and sedentary habit strength) regarding sedentary behavior.

Analysis:

Generalized linear models assessed associations between group assignment and change in each self-reported health and psychosocial score, adjusting for baseline scores.

Results:

I-STAND participants demonstrated improvements in self-efficacy (β = 0.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.10 to 0.60) and reduced habit strength (β= −0.23, 95% CI: −0.42 to −0.04) compared to control participants. There were no significant differences in self-reported health outcomes, although power was limited in this exploratory analysis.

Conclusion:

A sedentary behavior reduction intervention for older adults resulted in improvements for some psychosocial factors. Health outcomes may require longer than 12 weeks to observe improvements.

Keywords

sedentary behavior sitting older adults seniors elderly psychosocial self-efficacy habit habit formation wearables inclinometer

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