More than two thirds of the female inmates of prisons in the United
States are recidivists. This article presents recommendations for rein
tegrating female inmates into the community on the basis of the
findings of a 1993 study of female offenders in the Oklahoma correc
tional system. The implementation of these recommendations is dis
cussed in the context of five dimensions of an empowerment social
work practice model.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Anderson, S.C., Wilson, M.K., Mwansa, L.-K., & Osei-Hwedie, K. (1994). Empowerment and social work education and practice in AfricaJournal of Social Development in Africa, 9(2), 71-86
2.
. Block, P. (1991). The empowered manager: Positive political skills at workSan Francisco: Jossey-Bass .
3.
Bloom, B.E. (1991). Community-managed corrections: An empowering approach to community-corrections relationshipsHumbolt Journal of Social Relations, 17, 263-277.
4.
Burdman, M. (1973). Reintegration of the offender into the community In Reintegration of the offender into the community (pp. 3-6). Washington, DC: National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice.
5.
Bureau of Justice Statistics. (1991, March). Women in prison: Special report (Report No. NCJ-127991Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
6.
Burkhart, K.W. (1973). Women in prisonGarden City, NY: Doubleday.
7.
Freire, P. (1985)The politics of education: Culture, power, and liberationBoston: Bergin & Garvey.
8.
Friedmann, J. (1992). Empowerment: The politics of alternative developmentCambridge, MA: Blackwell.
9.
Germain, C. (1991). Human behavior in the social environmentNew York: Columbia University Press.
10.
Gutierrez, L. (1991). Empowering women of color: A feminist model In M. Bricker-Jenkins, N. R. Hooyman, & N. Gottlieb (Eds.), Feminist social work practice in clinical settings (pp. 199-214). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
11.
Kieffer, C. (1984). Citizen empowerment: A developmental perspective In J. Rapaport, C. Swift, & R. Hess (Eds.), Studies in empowerment: Steps toward understanding and action (pp. 9-32). New York: Haworth.
Miller, E.E. (1977). The woman offender and community corrections In E. E. Miller & M. R. Montilla (Eds.), Corrections in the community: Success models in correctional reform (pp. 145-152). Reston, VA: Reston Publishing.
14.
Oklahoma League of Women Voters. (1991). Women in prison: A family crisis Unpublished conference materials.
15.
O'Leary, V. (1976). Current issues in community-based corrections In P. G. Boesen & S. E. Grupp (Eds.), Community-based corrections: Theory, practice, and research (pp. 94-111). Santa Cruz, CA: Davis.
16.
Osei-Hwedie, K. (1993). Putting the "social" back into "work": The case for the indigenisation of social work practice and education in AfricaSocial Report Bulletin, 12(2), 1-44.
17.
Pollock-Byrne, J.M. (1990). Women, prison, and crimePacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
18.
Rahman, M.D. (1990). The care of the Third World: People's self-developmentCommunity Development Journal, 25, 307-314.
19.
Sandhu, H.S., Dodder, R.A., & Davis, S.P. (1990). Community adjustment of offenders supervised under residential vs. non-residential programsJournal of Offender Rehabilitation, 16, 139-162.
20.
Solomon, B.B. (1976). Black empowerment: Social work in oppressed communitiesNew York: Columbia University Press.
21.
Stanley, D.T. (1976). Prisoners among us: The problem of paroleWashington, DC: Brookings Institute.
22.
Studt, E. (1973). Reintegration from the parolee's perspective. In Reintegration of the offender into the community (pp. 38-59). Washington, DC: National Institute of Law Enforcement and Criminal Justice.
23.
White, R.W. (1959). Motivation reconsidered: The concept of competencePsychological Review, 66, 297-333.
24.
Wilson, M.K., Anderson, S.C., & Fletcher, B.A. (1993). Barriers to community-based services: Recidivism and women offenders (Contract No. 6431-125-6431. Oklahoma City: Criminal Justice Research Consortium.
