Investigating the effects of rhBMP2 (recombined human bone morphogenetic protein-2) release kinetics on bone formation is important to optimize the use of rhBMP2 in tissue-engineered bone. However, there is still no direct evidence regarding how the release kinetic of rhBMP2 has effects on mesenchymal stem cells homing and differentiation during bone regeneration. In this study, we construct control and non-control released rhBMP2 coatings within the pores of 3D printed hydroxyapatite scaffold, and investigate how the release kinetic of rhBMP2 affects bone inductivity of tissue-engineered bone. We show that control released rhBMP2 has better effects on enhancing mesenchymal stem cells proliferation and migration than non-control released rhBMP2. Control released rhBMP2 promotes mesenchymal stem cells differentiation to a better extent than non-control released rhBMP2. Those findings are in consistent with the results of quantitative rhBMP2 stimulation for mesenchymal stem cells proliferation, migration and differentiation. The histological results after in vivo implantation also reveal that control released rhBMP2 coating can induce more bone formation than non-control released rhBMP2. Our data provide a basis for optimizing the rhBMP2 delivery modes in tissue-engineered bone and improving the bone inductivity of rhBMP2.
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