Production of inter-connective porous dental implants by computer-aided design and metal three-dimensional printing

Abstract

Even though dental implants are considered reliable for replacing missing teeth, their use in medically compromised alveolar bone or under excessive occlusal force remains problematic. Here, we developed and manufactured novel inter-connective porous dental implants by selective laser melting technology. Finite element analysis was used to evaluate the stress distribution, micro-motion, and fatigue damage of implants under static and dynamic loading conditions. Osseointegration of the implant surface, ingrowth of bone tissue into pores, and binding strength at the implant–bone interface were evaluated in vivo. Selective laser melting 3D printing technology was efficient for printing the pre-designed irregular implants with an inter-connective porous structure. Dental implants with porous designs can theoretically withstand long-term physiological function and had increased implant–bone contact areas and binding strength; thus, this approach holds immense potential for improving the clinical performance of implants.