Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome Triggered by Whole-Body Cryotherapy in a Teenager

Abstract

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is uncommon in childhood. Although it usually has favorable outcomes, it still carries a risk of serious complications, including intracranial bleeding and ischemic stroke. RCVS may arise idiopathically, from vasoactive triggers or from daily activities such as defecation, urination, exertion, or sexual activity. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) is not officially recognized as a trigger for RCVS. We present a case of RCVS in an adolescent who underwent a WBC session preceding his symptoms and diagnosis. Although an association between cold weather exposure and stroke is recognized, the connection between cold weather and RCVS is less established. Furthermore, there is limited to no evidence linking WBC to stroke or RCVS. We aim to highlight a potential side effect of WBC, an increasingly popular intervention lacking evidence-based benefits and well-studied side effects.