The authors examined whether perceptions of parents and personal mental health significantly influenced perceptions of school achievement and enjoyment in a large sample of Canadian adolescents. Responses from more than 10,000 Canadian adolescents in the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children (HBSC) survey were used to create a Parental Support Index, a Mental Health Index, and a School Index. They found a significant, medium-sized effect between the parent index and the school index. They found a similar but smaller effect for mental health. The findings were consistent for adolescents across the 10 southern provinces. However, among adolescents from the two northern territories the Parental Support Index was not significant whereas demographic factors and mental health played a larger role in predicting scores on the School Index.
Adams, G., & Gullotta, T. (1989). Adolescent life experiences. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
2.
Aluja, A., & Blanch, A. (2004). Socialized personality, scholastic aptitudes, study habits, and academic achievement: Exploring the link. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 20(30), 157-165.
3.
Baumrind, D. (1991). The influence of parenting style on adolescent competence and substance use. Journal of Early Adolescence, 11(1), 56-95.
4.
Ben-Zur, H. (2003). Happy adolescents: The link between subjective well-being, internal resources, and parental factors. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 32(2), 67-79.
5.
Canadian Council on Social Development. (1998). The progress of Canada’s children 1998. Ottawa, Canada: Renouf Publishing.
6.
Chambers, C. (1999). A topography for Canadian curriculum theory. Canadian Journal of Education, 24(2), 137-150.
7.
Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
8.
Cohen, J., & Cohen, P. (1983). Applied multiple regression/correlation analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
9.
Currie, C. (1998). Health behavior in school-aged children: Research protocol for the 1997-98 survey. WHO Coordinating Center for the Study of Health Behavior in School-Aged Children.
10.
Dickerson, M. (1992) Whose north?Vancouver, Canada: UBC Press.
11.
Essau, C. A. (2004). The association between family factors and depressive disorders in adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33(5), 365-372.
12.
Fan, X., & Chen, M. (2001). Parental involvement and students’ academic achievement: a meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 13(1), 1-22.
13.
Glasgow, K. L., Dornbusch, S. M., Troyer, L., Steinberg, L., & Ritter, P. L. (1997). Parenting styles, adolescents’ attributions, and educational outcomes in nine heterogeneous high schools. Child Development, 68(3), 507-529.
14.
Goddard, J. T., & Foster, R. Y. (2002). Adapting to diversity: Where cultures collide—Educational issues in northern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Education, 27(1), 1-20.
15.
Hall, G. S. (1904). Adolescence: Its psychology and its relation to physiology, anthropology, sociology, sex, crime, religion, and education (Vol. II). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
16.
Harter, S. (1998). The construction of the self: A developmental perspective. New York: Guilford.
17.
Health Canada. (1995). Suicide in Canada: Update of the report of the Task Force on Suicide in Canada (Health Programs and Services Branch; Cat No H39-107/1995E). Ottawa, Canada: Health Services Directorate, Mental Health Division.
18.
Heaven, P., Mak, A., Barry, J., & Ciarrochi, J. (2002). Personality and family influences on adolescent attitudes to school and academic performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 32(3), 453-462.
19.
Heyneman, S. P. (2004). International education quality. Economics of Education Review, 23, 441-452.
20.
Hill, J. P., & Holmbeck, G. N. (1987). Disagreements about rules in families with seventh-grade girls and boys. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 16(3), 221-246.
21.
Juang, L. P., & Silberiesen, R. K. (2002). The relationship between adolescent academic capability beliefs, parenting, and school grades. Journal of Adolescence, 25(1), 3-18.
22.
Kwarteng, E. F. (2006). Implementing Nunavut Education Act: Compulsory school attendance policy. Canadian Journal of Educational Administration and Policy, 55, 1-22.
23.
Kim, K., & Rhoener, R. P. (2002). Parental warmth, control, and involvement in schooling. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 33(2), 127-1240.
24.
Laursen, B., Coy, K. C., & Collins, W. A.1998. Reconsidering changes in parent-child conflict across adolescence: A meta-analysis. Child Development, 69(3), 817-832.
25.
Ma, X. (2002). Improving social policy with national data: A comparison of social support for students among Canadian provinces. Canadian Journal of Program Evaluation, 17(2), 1-26.
26.
Midgett, J., Ryan, B. A., Adams, G. R., & Corville-Smith, J. (2002). Complicating achievement and self-esteem: Considering the joint effects of child characteristics and parent-child interactions. Contemporary Education Psychology, 27, 132-143.
27.
Ministry of Industry. (2001). Education in Canada, 2000 (Statistics Canada Cat. no. 81-229-XIB). Ottawa, Canada: Author.
28.
Mullis, R. L., Rathge, R. A., & Mullis, A. K. (2003). Predictors of academic performance during early adolescence: A contextual view. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 27(6), 541-548.
29.
Ongtooguk, P. (2004). Aspects of traditional Inupiat education. Accessed December 1, 2006, from www.alaskool.org/native_ed/Pauls_doc2.htm
30.
Paulson, S. E. (1994). Relations of parenting style and parental involvement with ninth-grade students’ achievement. Journal of Early Adolescence, 14(2), 250-267.
31.
Pelegrina, S., Garcia-Linares, M. C., & Casanova, P. F. (2003). Adolescents’ and their parents’ perceptions about parenting characteristics. Who can better predict the adolescents’ academic performance? Journal of Adolescence, 26(6), 651-665.
32.
Ryan, B. A., & Adams, G. R. (1999). How do families affect children’s success in school? Education Quarterly Review, 6, 30-43.
33.
Steinberg, L., Elmen, J. D., & Mounts, N. S. (1989). Authoritative parenting, psychosocial maturity, and academic success among adolescents. Child Development, 60(6), 1424-1436.
34.
Steinberg, L., & Levine, A. (1997). You and your adolescent: A parent’s guide for ages 10-20. New York: HarperCollins.
35.
Tabachnik, B. G., & Fidell, L .S. (1996). Using multivariate statistics (3rd ed.). New York: HarperCollins College.
36.
Voydanoff, P. (2004). Work, community, and parenting resources as predictors of adolescent problems and grades. Journal of Adolescent Research, 19(2), 155-173.
37.
Whitbeck, L. S., Hoyt, D. R., Stubben, J. D., & LaFramboise, T. (2001). Traditional culture and academic success amongst American Indian children in the Upper Midwest. Journal of Indian Education, 40(2), 48-60.
38.
Willms, J. D. (2004). Reading achievement in Canada and the United States: Findings from the OECD programme for international student assessment (Cat. No. HS28-3/2004E). Gatineau: Human Resources Skills and Development Canada.
