L’hésitation vaccinale contre la grippe des infirmiers et aides-soignants français : un nouvel éclairage sur les stratégies de restauration de la liberté lors de réactance à la communication pro-vaccinale
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online October, 2024
L’hésitation vaccinale contre la grippe des infirmiers et aides-soignants français : un nouvel éclairage sur les stratégies de restauration de la liberté lors de réactance à la communication pro-vaccinale
Malgré de nombreuses campagnes, la vaccination antigrippale des soignants reste insuffisante en France. L’approche très cognitive des modèles de persuasion en santé explique mal cette non-vaccination. Une enquête sur 794 infirmiers et aides-soignants français en 2018 souligne le rôle de la réactance psychologique. Plus la menace perçue sur leur liberté due à la pression vaccinale est forte, plus elle engendre de la réactance situationnelle et des stratégies de restauration de leur liberté menacée : déni ou minimisation de la menace de santé (faibles perceptions de sévérité et vulnérabilité envers la grippe), attractivité diminuée ou dénigrement de l’option recommandée (faibles perceptions d’efficacité et des bénéfices de la vaccination), menant au rejet du comportement préconisé (vaccination antigrippale). Cette modélisation originale de variables traditionnellement vues comme antécédentes à la réactance explique l’échec persuasif et est contextualisée et discutée au travers de caractéristiques objectives (âge, profession). Des recommandations managériales et voies de recherche en découlent.
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