The effects of 17α-ethynylestradiol,4-nonylphenol and phenol red on vitellogenin synthesis in juvenile Chalcalburnus tarichi primary hepatocyte culture
Restricted accessResearch articleFirst published online May, 2011
The effects of 17α-ethynylestradiol,4-nonylphenol and phenol red on vitellogenin synthesis in juvenile Chalcalburnus tarichi primary hepatocyte culture
In this study, the effects of the endocrine-disrupting chemicals known as 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), 4-nonylphenol (NP) and phenol red on vitellogenin (Vtg) synthesis in juvenile Chalcalburnus tarichi primary hepatocyte culture were investigated depending on dose and time. Hepatocytes were isolated by collagenase perfusion method and the cells were kept alive in cell culture for more than 2 weeks without using serum. As a result, it was determined that EE2 increased the Vtg synthesis depending on dose and time (p < 0.05), while NP and phenol red did not have any effect on the Vtg synthesis in the Chalcalburnus tarichi primary hepatocyte culture. Besides that, it was observed that high doses of NP (10 -3 and 10-4M) had toxic effects to the hepatocyte culture, too.
Berry MN, Friend DS ( 1969) High yield preparation of isolated rat liver parenchymal cells. Journal of Cell Biology43: 506-520.
2.
Berthois Y., Katzenellenbogen JA, and Katzenellenbogen BS (1986) Phenol red in tissue culture media is a weak estrogen: Implications concerning the study of estrogen responsive cells in culture. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences83: 2496-2500.
3.
Bragadin M., Perin G., Lero A., Manette S., Rizoli V., and Scutari G. ( 1999) An in vitro study on the toxic effects of nonylphenols (NP) in mitochondria. Chemosphere9: 1997-2001.
4.
Colborn T., vom Saal FS, and Soto AM ( 1993) Developmental effects of endocrine-disrupting chemicals in wildlife and humans. Environmental Health Perspectives101: 378-384.
5.
Cox C. ( 1996) Nonylfenol and related chemicals. Journal of Pesticide Reform16: 15-20.
6.
Folmar LC, Hemmer MJ, Denslow ND, et al. (2002) A comparison of the estrogenic potencies of estradiol, ethynylestradiol, diethylstilbestrol, nonylphenol and methoxychlor in vivo and in vitro. Aquatic Toxicology60: 101-110.
7.
Jobling S., Sumpter JP ( 1993) Detergent components in sewage effluent are weakly oestrogenic to fish: an in vitro study using rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes . Aquatic Toxicology27: 361-372.
8.
Kim BH, Takemura A. ( 2003) Culture conditions affects inductions of vitellogenin synthesis by estradiol-17β in primary cultures of tilapia hepatocytes . Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology135B: 231-239.
9.
Kim BH, Takemura A., and Nakamura M. ( 2002) Comparison of in vitro vitellogenin synthesis among different nonylphenol products using primary cultures of tilapia hepatocytes. Fisheries Science68: 838-842.
10.
Kime DE ( 1999) A strategy for assessing the effects of xenobiotics on fish reproduction. The Science of the Total Environment3: 3-11.
11.
Kordes C., Rieber EP, and Gutzeit HO ( 2002) An in vitro vitellogenin bioassay for oestrogenic substances in the medeka (Oryzias latipes). Aquatic Toxicology58:151-161.
12.
Monteverdi GH, Di Giulio RT ( 1999) An enzyme-linked ımmunosorbent assay for estrogenicity using primary hepatocyte cultures from the channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) . Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology37: 62-69.
13.
Moreno-Cuevas JE, Sibrasku DA ( 2000) Estrogenic mitogenic action. III. Is phenol red a ‘‘red herring’’? In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology Animal36: 447-464.
14.
Navas JM, Segner H. ( 2006) Vitellogenin synthesis in primary cultures of fish liver cells as endpoint for in vitro screening of the (anti)estrogenic activity of chemical substances. Aquatic Toxicology80:1-22.
15.
Nimrod AC, Benson WH ( 1996) Environmental estrogenic effects of alkylphenol ethoxylates . Critical Reviews in Toxicology26: 335-364.
16.
Ortmann O., Sturm R., Knuppen R., and Emons G. ( 1990) Weak estrogenic activity of phenol red in the pituitary gonadotroph: re-evaluation of estrogen and antiestrogen effects. Journal of Steroid Biochemistry35: 17-22.
17.
Park CH, Kim BH, Na OS, et al. (2003) Induction of in vitro vitellogenin synthesis by bisphenol, nonylphenol and octtylphenol in Chinese minnow (Phoxinus oxycephalus) hepatocytes. Korean Journal of Biological Sciences7: 227-235.
18.
Rankouhi TR, Sanderson JT, van Holsteijn I., van Leeuwen C., Vethaak AD, and van den Berg M. ( 2004) Effects of natural and synthetic estrogens and various environmental contaminations on vitellogenesis in fish primary hepatocytes: comparison of bream (Abramis brama) and carp (Cyprinus carpio). Toxicological Sciences81: 90-102.
19.
Sumpter JP, Jobling S. ( 1995) Vitellogenesis as a biomarker for estrogenic contamination of the aquatic environment. Environmental Health Perspectives103: 173-178.
20.
Talmage SS ( 1994) Environmental and Human Safety of Major Surfactants: Alcohol Ethoxylates and Alkylphenol Ethoxylates. Boca Raton, FL : Lewis publishers.
21.
Tanaka JN, Grizzle JM ( 2002) Effects of nonylphenol on the gonadal differentiation of the hermaphroditic fish, Rivilus marmoratus. Aquatic Toxicology57: 117-125.
22.
Tyler CR, Routledge EJ ( 1998) Natural and anthropogenic environmental oestrogens: the scientific basis for risk assessment: oestrogenic effects in fish in English rivers with evidence of their causation. Pure and Applied Chemistry70: 1795-1804.
23.
Uguz C., Iscan M., Ergüven A., Isgor B., and Togan I. ( 2003) The bioaccumulation of nonylphenol and its adverse effect on the liver of rainbow trout (Onchorynchus mykiss). Environmental Research92: 262-270.
24.
Ünal G., Türkoğlu V., Oğuz AR, and Kaptaner B. ( 2007) Gonadal histology and some biochemical characteristics of Chalcalburnus tarichi (Pallas, 1811) having abnormal gonads. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry33: 153-165.
25.
Vetillard A., Bailhance T. ( 2006) Effects of 4-n-nonylphenol and tamoxifen on salmon gonadotropin-releasing hormone, estrogen receptor, and vitellogenin gene expression in juvenile rainbow trout. Toxicological Science92: 537-544.
26.
Wahli W., Dawid IB, Ryffel GU, and Weber R. ( 1981) Vitellogenesis and vitellogenin gene family. Science212: 298-304.
27.
Welshons WV, Wolf MF, Murphy CS, and Jordan VC ( 1988) Estrogenic activity of Phenol red. Molecular and Celular Endocrinology57: 169-178.
28.
Wesierska-Gadek J., Schreiner T., Gueorguieva M., and Ranftler C. ( 2006) Phenol red reduces ROSC mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human MCF-7 cells. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry98: 1367-1379.
