Researchers explored the factor structure of the Self-Report Family Inventory with a sample of heterosexual parents who have a son or daughter who self-identifies as lesbian, gay, or bisexual. Results suggest that a two-factor solution is appropriate. Research and clinical implications are offered.
BeaversW. R.HampsonR. B. (1990). Successful families: Assessment and intervention. New York: W. W. Norton.
2.
BeaversW. R.HampsonR. B. (2000). The Beavers systems model of family functioning. Journal of Family Therapy, 22, 128–143.
3.
BeaversW. R.HampsonR. B.HulgusY. F. (1985). Commentary: The Beavers systems approach to family assessment. Family Process, 24, 398–405.
4.
BeaversW. R.HampsonR. B.HulgusY. F. (1990). Beavers systems model manual: 1990 edition. Dallas, TX: Southwest Family Institute.
5.
BoxerA. M.CookJ. A.HerdtG. (1991). Double jeopardy: Identity transitions and parent-child relations among gay and lesbian youth. In PillemerK. A.McCartneyK. (Eds.), Parent-child relations throughout life (pp. 59–92). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
6.
CassV. C. (1979). Homosexual identity formation: A theoretical model. Journal of Homosexuality, 4, 219–235.
CramerD. W.RoachA. J. (1988). Coming out to mom and dad: A study of gay males and their relationships with their parents. Journal of Homosexuality, 15(3/4), 79–91.
10.
D’AugelliA. R. (1994). Identity development and sexual orientation: Toward a model of lesbian, gay and bisexual development. In TrickettE. J.WattsR. J.BirhamD. (Eds.), Human diversity: Perspectives on people in context (pp. 312–333). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
11.
ElizurY.ZivM. (2001). Family support and acceptance, gay male identity formation and psychological adjustment: A path model. Family Process, 40, 125–145.
12.
EpsteinN. B.BaldwinL. M.BishopD. S. (1983). The McMaster family assessment device. Journal of Marital & Family Therapy, 9, 171–180.
13.
EvansN. J.ForneyD. S.GuidoF. M.PattonL. D.RennK. A. (2009). Student development in college: Theory, research, and practice (2nd ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
FloydF. J.SteinT. S. (2002). Sexual orientation identity formation among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths: Multiple patterns of milestone experiences. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 12, 167–191.
16.
FloydF. J.WidamanK. F. (1995). Factor analysis in the development and refinement of clinical assessment instruments. Psychological Assessment, 7, 286–299.
GoldenbergH.GoldenbergI. (2008). Family therapy: An overview (7th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole.
20.
GoldfriedM. R.GoldfriedA. P. (2001). The importance of parental support in the lives of gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. JCLP/In Session: Psychotherapy in Practice, 57, 681–693.
21.
GoodrichK. M. (2009). Mom and Dad “come out”: The process of identifying as a heterosexual parent with a lesbian, gay or bisexual child. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 3(1), 37–61.
22.
GoodrichK. M.GilbrideD. D. (2010). The refinement and validation of a model of family functioning after child’s disclosure as lesbian, gay or bisexual. Journal of LGBT Issues in Counseling, 4(2), 92–121.
23.
HampsonR. B.BeaversW. R.HulgusY. F. (1989). Insiders’ and outsiders’ views of family: The assessment of family competence and style. Journal of Family Psychology, 3(2), 118–136.
24.
HampsonR. B.HulgusY. F.BeaversW. R. (1991). Comparisons of self-report measures of the Beavers systems model and Olson’s circumplex model. Journal of Family Psychology, 4, 326–340.
25.
HomA. Y. (1994). Stories from the homefront: Perspectives of Asian American parents with lesbian daughters and gay sons. Amerasia Journal, 20(1), 19–32.
26.
HoodA. B.JohnsonR. W. (2007). Assessment in counseling: A guide to the use of psychological assessment procedures (4th ed.). Alexandria, VA: American Counseling Association.
27.
HornJ. L. (1965). A rationale and test for the number of factors in factor analysis. Psychometrika, 30, 179–185.
28.
MatthewsC. W.LeaseS. H. (2000). Focus on lesbian, gay and bisexual families. In PerezR. M.DeBordK. A.BieschkeK. J. (Eds.), Handbook of counseling and psychotherapy with lesbian, gay, and bisexual clients (pp. 249–273). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
29.
MerighiJ. R.GrimesM. D. (2000). Coming out to families in a multicultural context. Families in Society: The Journal of Contemporary Human Services, 81(1), 32–41.
30.
MillerI. W.EpsteinN. B.BishopD. S.KeitnerG. I. (1985). The McMaster Family Assessment Device: Reliability and validity. Journal of Marital & Family Therapy, 11, 345–356.
31.
O’ConnorB. P. (2000). SPSS and SAS programs for determining the number of components using parallel analysis and Velicer’s MAP test. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers, 32, 396–402.
PhillipsM. J. (2007). Identity development as the parent of a lesbian or gay male (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Georgia State University, Atlanta.
35.
PreacherK. J.MacCallumR. C. (2003). Repairing Tom Swift’s electric factor analysis machine. Understanding Statistics, 2(1), 13–43.
36.
ReynoldsA. M.HanjogirisW. F. (2000). Coming out: Lesbian, gay, and bisexual identity development. In PerezR. M.DeBordK. A.BieschkeK. J. (Eds.), Handbook of counseling and psychotherapy with lesbian, gay, and bisexual clients (pp. 35–56). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
37.
Savin-WilliamsR. C. (2001). Mom, dad. I’m gay: How families negotiate coming out. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
38.
Savin-WilliamsR. C.DubeE. M. (1998). Parental reactions to their child’s disclosure of a gay/lesbian identity. Family Relations, 47, 7–13.
ShekD. L. (1998). The Chinese version of the Self-Report Family Inventory: Does culture make a difference?Research on Social Work Practice, 8, 315–329.
41.
ShekD. L. (2001). Reliability and factor structure of the Chinese version of Self-report Family Inventory in Chinese adolescents. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57, 375–385.
42.
SkinnerH. A.SteinhauerP. D.Santa-BarbaraJ. (n.d.). Family Assessment Measure, Version III (FAM-III). Lutz, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
43.
Stone FishL.HarveyR. G. (2005). Nurturing queer youth. New York, NY: W. W. Norton.
