This paper explores the role of virtual mapping environments in analyzing people’s perception of spaces and their implications in planning. We examine how people interpret Kevin Lynch’s “city imageability” in the digital age by asking two questions: (1) how can we create mental images of city elements by using virtual versus physical environments? (2) What are the strengths and weaknesses of each method? We studied sixty-eight mental maps—created by thirty-four participants—identifying five factors for disagreements on city elements: scale, eye level, details, accuracy/timeliness, and sensory/movement. We conclude by suggesting how practitioners can take a balanced approach for city imageability analysis.
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