Évaluer la prévalence et l'évolution des troubles de l'axe I concomitants dans une population de patients ayant suivi une thérapie cognitivo-comportementale (TCC) pour le traitement du trouble d'anxiété généralisée (TAG).
Méthode:
La présente étude est une analyse secondaire combinant les patients de 3 études de traitement réalisées à l'Université Laval. Un total de 90 patients présentant un diagnostic de TAG selon le DSM-IV ont reçu entre 12 et 16 séances de TCC pour le traitement du TAG. La symptomatologie a été évaluée au pré-test, au post-test et 6 mois après le traitement à l'aide d'une entrevue diagnostique structurée, l'Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule.
Résultats:
Le nombre de patients souffrant du TAG et présentant un diagnostic concomitant s'élève à 73 %. Les diagnostics les plus fréquents sont la phobie simple, la phobie sociale, le trouble panique et la dépression majeure. La TCC appliquée au TAG diminue le nombre de diagnostics concomitants. La présence d'un trouble panique ou d'un nombre plus élevé de diagnostics concomitants au pré-test est associée à une moins grande efficacité du traitement au rappel, 6 mois plus tard.
Conclusion:
Les patients souffrant du TAG présentent un taux élevé de comorbidité avec d'autres troubles de l'axe I, mais ces derniers diminuent significativement suite à une TCC brève ciblant le TAG. Les implications pour le traitement du TAG et les mécanismes pouvant expliquer ces résultats font l'objet d'une discussion.
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