The author draws on Eric Berne’s model of group process and therapeutic interventions to discuss Erskine’s paper on “Relational Group Process: Developments in a Transactional Analysis Model of Group Psychotherapy,” emphasizing the therapeutic importance of interpretation and addressing the limits of empathy and phenomenological inquiry in group process.
BerneE. (1953). Principles of group psychotherapy. Indian Journal of Neurology & Psychiatry, 4, 119–137.
2.
BerneE. (1954). The natural history of a spontaneous therapy group. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 4, 74–85.
3.
BerneE. (1955). Group attendance: Clinical and theoretical considerations. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 5, 392–403.
4.
BerneE. (1958). Group therapy abroad. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 8, 466–470.
5.
BerneE. (1960). “Psychoanalytic” versus “dynamic” group therapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy, 10, 98–103.
6.
BerneE. (1961). Transactional analysis in psychotherapy: A systematic individual and social psychiatry. New York, NY: Grove Press.
7.
BerneE. (1963). The structure and dynamics of organizations and groups. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott.
8.
BerneE. (1966). Principles of group treatment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
9.
BohartA. C.GreenbergL. S. (Eds.). (1997). Empathy reconsidered: New directions in psychotherapy. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
10.
ErskineR. G. (1993). Inquiry, attunement, and involvement in the psychotherapy of dissociation. Transactional Analysis Journal, 23, 184–190.
11.
ErskineR. G. (2009a). The culture of transactional analysis: Theory, methods, and evolving patterns. Transactional Analysis Journal, 39, 14–21.
12.
ErskineR. G. (2009b). Life scripts and attachment patterns: Theoretical integration and therapeutic involvement. Transactional Analysis Journal, 39, 207–218.
13.
ErskineR. G. (2013). Relational group process: Developments in a transactional analysis model of group therapy. Transactional Analysis Journal, 43, 262–275.
14.
ErskineR. G.MoursundJ. P. (2010). Integrative psychotherapy in action. London, England: Karnac. (Original work published 1988)
15.
ErskineR. G.MoursandJ. P.TrautmannR. L. (1999). Beyond empathy: A therapy of contact-in-relationship. Philadelphia, PA: Brunner/Mazel.
16.
ErskineR. G.TrautmannR. L. (1996). Methods of an integrative psychotherapy. Transactional Analysis Journal, 26, 316–328.
17.
GiorgiA. (2009). The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology: A modified Husserlian approach. Pittsburgh, PA: Duquesne University Press.
18.
GrimaldiA. (Producer)LeoneS. (1967). The good, the bad and the ugly[Motion picture]. Los Angeles, CA: United Artists.
19.
LandaicheN. M., III. (2012). Learning and hating in groups. Transactional Analysis Journal, 42, 186–197.
20.
MarguliesA. (1989). The empathic imagination. New York, NY: Norton.
21.
NitsunM. (1996). The anti-group: Destructive forces in the group and their creative potential. London, England: Routledge.
22.
RogersC. R. (1971). Carl Rogers on encounter groups. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
23.
SchermerV. L. (1994). Between theory and practice, light and heat: On the use of theory in “Ring of fire.” In SchermerV. L.PinesM. (Ed.), Ring of fire: Primitive affects and object relations in group psychotherapy (pp. 9–35). London, England: Routledge.
24.
SchermerV. L.PinesM. (Eds.). (1994). Ring of fire: Primitive affects and object relations in group psychotherapy. London, England: Routledge.
25.
SpinelliE. (2005). The interpreted world: An introduction to phenomenological psychology. London, England: Sage.
26.
SternD. L. (2013). Relational freedom and therapeutic action. Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association, 61, 227–256.
TudorK.WorrallM. (2006). Person-centred therapy: A clinical philosophy. London, England: Routledge.
29.
WexlerD. A. (1974). A cognitive theory of experiencing, self-actualization and therapeutic process. In WexlerD. A.RiceL. N. (Eds.), Innovations in client-centered therapy (pp. 49–116). New York, NY: Wiley.