Abstract
Although rapid construction of public transit infrastructure has continued in China in recent years, there has been a significant decline in bus ridership since 2014. To investigate this trend, we conducted a statistical analysis for 24 cities in China, using fixed-effects panel regression to examine the relationships between bus ridership and significant factors from 2000 to 2019. Our analysis revealed that the emergence of ride-hailing services was probably the most significant contributor to the decline in bus ridership, reducing it by 33% from 2014 to 2019. This finding suggests that ride-hailing services have caused an inflection point in bus ridership. Furthermore, we found that gross domestic product (GDP) negatively moderates the effect of ride-hailing services on bus ridership, with cities of lower economic status experiencing a more significant decline in ridership, owing to the development of ride-hailing services. Our research provides valuable insights for policymakers and relevant departments when addressing transit ridership loss and transit system development issues.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
Supplementary Material
Please find the following supplemental material available below.
For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.
For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.
