Estimation of the power loss due to wake–turbine interaction in the Eólica del Sur wind farm located in La Ventosa,Oaxaca,Mexico

Abstract

We quantify wake–induced power losses in the Eólica del Sur onshore wind farm (132 Vestas V90 turbines, 396 MW) located in La Ventosa, Oaxaca, Mexico, and assess how much of this loss can be recovered by layout optimization within the existing project area. Local wind is characterized using in situ measurements and ERA5 reanalysis. Turbine interactions are represented with a Gaussian analytical wake model and linear superposition. From the observed wind regime, we estimate an annual ideal capacity factor of 61.7%, which decreases to 59.5% when wake effects are included, corresponding to an average loss of 8.7 MW (about 3–4 turbines). A simple relocation algorithm that respects minimum spacing and the original farm footprint recovers up to 3.3 MW. The methodology is computationally efficient, providing a practical tool to improve green electricity production without additional land use.