This paper introduces the concept of ‘ordinary’ to analyze citizenship’s complexities. Ordinary is often taken to mean standard or routine, but it also invokes order and authority. Conceptualizing citizenship as ordinary trains our attention on the ways in which the spatiality of laws and social norms are entwined with daily life. The idea of ordinariness fuses legal structures, normative orders and the experiences of individuals, social groups and communities, making citizenship both a general category and a contingent resource for political life. We explore this argument using immigrants as an example, but the conceptualization of citizenship extends more broadly.
AminA (2002) Ethnicity and the multicultural city: Living with diversity. Environment and Planning A34: 959–980.
2.
AminA (2004) Regions unbound: Towards a new politics of place. Geografiska Annaler B86: 33–44.
3.
AmooreL (2006) Biometric borders: Governing mobilities in the war on terror. Political Geography25: 336–351.
4.
AndersonA (2006) The Way We Argue Now: A Study in the Cultures of Theory. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
5.
AppaduraiA (1996) Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
6.
BarberB (1998) A Place for Us: How to Make Society Civil and Democracy Strong. New York: Hill and Wang.
7.
BauböckR (1994) Transnational Citizenship: Membership and Rights in International Migration. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
8.
BayatA (2010) Life as Politics: How Ordinary People Change the Middle East. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
9.
BenhabibS (2004) The Rights of Others: Aliens, Residents, and Citizens. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
10.
BosniakL (2006) The Citizen and the Alien: Dilemmas of Contemporary Membership. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
11.
BrownM (2006) Sexual citizenship, political obligation and disease ecology in gay Seattle. Political Geography25: 874–898.
12.
BrubakerR (2001) The return of assimilation? Changing perspectives on immigration and its sequels in France, Germany and the United States. Ethnic and Racial Studies24: 531–548.
13.
BubeckD (1995) Care, Gender, and Justice. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
14.
ClaytonJ (2009) Thinking spatially: Towards an everyday understanding of inter-ethnic relations. Social and Cultural Geography10: 481–498.
15.
ColemanM (2007) Immigration politics beyond the Mexico-US border. Antipode39: 54–76.
16.
De GenovaN (2007) The production of culprits: From deportability to detainability in the aftermath of ‘Homeland Security’. Citizenship Studies11: 421–448.
17.
DelantyG (2003) Community. London: Routledge.
18.
DikeçM (2009) The ‘where’ of asylum. Environment and Planning D: Society and Space27: 183–189.
19.
EhrkampPLeitnerH (2003) Beyond national citizenship: Turkish immigrants and the (re)construction of citizenship in Germany. Urban Geography24: 127–146.
20.
EhrkampPLeitnerH (2006) Guest editorial: Rethinking immigration and citizenship: New spaces of migrant transnationalism and belonging. Environment and Planning A38: 1591–1597.
21.
FyfeNMilliganC (2003) Space, citizenship and voluntarism: Critical reflections on the voluntary sector in Glasgow. Environment and Planning A35: 2069–2086.
22.
GilroyP (2004) After Empire: Melancholia or Convivial Culture?London: Routledge.
23.
GlennE (2011) Constructing citizenship: Exclusion, subordination, and resistance. American Sociological Review76: 1–24.
24.
GouldC (2004) Globalizing Democracy and Human Rights. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
25.
HeldV (2006) The Ethics of Care: Personal, Political and Global. New York: Oxford University Press.
26.
HoE (2010) Constituting citizenship through the emotions: Singaporean transmigrants in London. Annals of the Association of American Geographers99: 788–804.
27.
HolstonJ (2008) Insurgent Citizenship: Disjunctions of Democracy and Modernity in Brazil. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
28.
HonigB (2001) Democracy and the Foreigner. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
29.
HumphreysS (2006) Legalizing lawlessness: On Giorgio Agamben’s State of Exception. The European Journal of International Law17: 677–687.
30.
IsinE (2002) Being Political: Genealogies of Citizenship. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
31.
IsinE (2008) Theorizing acts of citizenship. In: IsinENielsenG (eds) Acts of Citizenship. New York: Zed Books, 15–43.
32.
IsinEWoodP (1999) Citizenship and Identity. London: SAGE.
33.
JacobsonD (1996) Rights Across Borders: Immigration and the Decline of Citizenship. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
34.
JaggarA (2001) Feminist ethics. In BeckerLBeckerC (eds) Encyclopedia of Ethics. New York: Routledge, 528–539.
35.
JonesRPykettJWhiteheadM (2011) Governing temptation: Changing behaviour in an age of libertarian paternalism. Progress in Human Geography35: 483–501.
36.
KearnsA (1995) Active citizenship and local governance: Political and geographical dimensions. Political Geography14: 155–175.
37.
KeithM (2008) After the Cosmopolitan? New geographies of race and racism. In: DwyerCBresseyC (eds) New Geographies of Race and Racism. Aldershot: Ashgate, 193–207.
38.
KemmisD (1995) The Good City and the Good Life: Renewing the Sense of Community. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
39.
KofmanE (2003) Rights and citizenship. In: AgnewJMitchellKToalG (eds) A Companion to Political Geography. Malden, MA: Blackwell, 393–407.
40.
KurtzHHankinsK (2005) Guest editorial: Geographies of citizenship. Space and Polity9(1): 1–8.
41.
ListerR (1997) Citizenship: Towards a feminist synthesis. Feminist Review57: 28–48.
42.
MeehanJ (1995) Feminists Read Habermas: Gendering the Subject of Discourse. New York: Routledge.
43.
MillerS (2005) Needs, care and obligation. Royal Institute of Philosophy Supplement57: 137–160.
44.
MouffeC (2005) On the Political. New York: Routledge.
45.
NevinsJ (2002) Operation Gatekeeper: The Rise of the ‘Illegal Alien’ and the Remaking of the US-Mexico Boundary. New York: Routledge.
46.
NgaiM (2004) Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
47.
OlsonESayerA (2009) Radical geography and its critical standpoints: Embracing the normative. Antipode41: 180–189.
48.
OslerAStarkeyH (2005) Changing Citizenship: Democracy and Inclusion in Education. Maidenhead: Open University Press.
49.
PainterJ (2006) Prosaic geographies of stateness. Political Geography25: 752–774.
50.
PainterJPhiloC (1995) Spaces of citizenship: An introduction. Political Geography14: 107–120.
51.
PhillipsA (2007) Multiculturalism without Culture. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
52.
PurcellM (2008) Recapturing Democracy: Neoliberalization and the Struggle for Alternative Urban Futures. New York: Routledge.
53.
RanciereJ (2001) Ten theses on politics. Theory and Event5:3. doi: 10.1353/tae.2001.0028.
54.
RobinsonJ (2006) Ordinary Cities: Between Modernity and Development. Abingdon: Routledge.
55.
RumfordC (2008) Introduction: Citizens and borderwork in Europe. Space and Polity12: 1–12.
56.
RyanM (1992) Women in Public: Between Banners and Ballots, 1825–1880. Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press.
57.
SevenhuijsenS (1998) Citizenship and the Ethics of Care: Feminist Considerations on Justice, Morality and Politics. New York: Routledge.
58.
ShacharA (2009) The Birthright Lottery: Citizenship and Global Inequality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
59.
ShafirG (ed.) (1998) The Citizenship Debates: A Reader. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
60.
ShklarJ (1991) American Citizenship: The Quest for Inclusion. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
61.
SimoneA (2010) 2009 Urban Geography Plenary Lecture – on intersections, anticipations, and provisional publics: Remaking district life in Jakarta. Urban Geography31: 285–308.
62.
SmithD (1990) The Conceptual Practices of Power: A Feminist Sociology of Knowledge. Boston, MA: Northeastern University Press.
63.
SmithMBakkerM (2008) Citizenship across Borders: The Political Transnationalism of El Migrante. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
64.
SoysalY (1994) Limits of Citizenship: Migrants and Postnational Membership in Europe. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
65.
SparkeM (2006) A neoliberal nexus: Economy, security and the biopolitics of citizenship on the border. Political Geography25: 151–180.
66.
StaeheliL (2003) Cities and citizenship. Urban Geography24: 97–102.
67.
StaeheliL (2011) Political geography: Where’s citizenship?Progress in Human Geography35: 393–400.
68.
StaeheliLNagelC (2006) Topographies of home and citizenship: Arab American activists in the United States. Environment and Planning A39: 1599–1614.
69.
StaeheliLNagelC (forthcoming) Different democracy? Arab immigrants, religion and democractic citizenship. In: HopkinsPKongLOlsonE (eds) Religion and Place: Landscape, Politics and Piety. Berlin: Springer.
70.
SwyngedouwE (2011) Interrogating post-democracy: Reclaiming egalitarian political spaces. Political Geography30: 370–380.
71.
SziartoKLeitnerH (2010) Immigrants riding for justice: Space-time and emotions in the construction of a counterpublic. Political Geography29: 381–391.
72.
TrontoJ (1993) Moral Boundaries: A Political Argument for an Ethic of Care. New York: Routledge.
73.
TrontoJ (2005) Care as the work of citizens: A modest proposal. In FriedmanM (ed.) Women and Citizenship. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 130–145.
74.
TrudeauD (2008) Towards a relational view of the shadow state. Political Geography27: 669–690.
75.
VarsanyiM (2008) Rescaling the ‘alien,’ rescaling personhood: Neoliberalism, immigration and the state. Annals of the Association of American Geographers98: 877–896.
76.
WaldronJ (2006) Cosmopolitan norms. In: PostR (ed.) Another Cosmopolitanism. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 83–101.
77.
WalkerKLeitnerH (2011) The variegated landscape of local immigration policies in the US. Urban Geography32: 156–178.
78.
WallaceS (2011) Invasion of the copycatters: Examining anti-immigrant legislation in the states in the wake of Arizona’s SB 1070. Presented at the Midwest Political Science Conference, 30 March 2011, Chicago, IL(manuscript available from authors).
79.
WalzerM (1983) Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equality. New York: Basic Books.
80.
WardMGleditschC (2004) Globalization’s impact on poverty, inequality, conflict and democracy. In: O’LoughlinJStaeheliLGreenbergE (eds) Globalization and Its Outcomes. New York: Guilford Press, 159–181.
81.
WatsonS (2006) City Publics: The (Dis)enchantments of Urban Encounters. Abingdon: Routledge.
82.
WindersJ (2007) Bringing back the (b)order: Post 9/11 politics of immigration, borders, and belonging in the contemporary US South. Antipode39: 920–942.
83.
YoungI (2000) Inclusion and Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
84.
YoungI (2003) The logic of masculinist protection: Reflections on the current security state. Signs29: 513–535.
85.
Yuval-DavisN (1991) The citizenship debate: Women, ethnic processes and the state. Feminist Review39: 58–68.
86.
Yuval-DavisN (1997) Women, citizenship, and difference. Feminist Review57: 4–27.
