Recent empirical evidence demonstrates both insecure attachment and atypical sensory modulation patterns are associated with impaired function for children/adolescents with persistent pain. An integrating framework is required to translate this knowledge into clinical practice.
Critical reflection on practice
Case studies demonstrate how the nonlinear dynamic systems perspective can assist occupational therapists to (1) understand how sensory modulation and attachment systems contribute to pain, distress, and functioning for children/adolescents with persistent pain, and (2) identify processes supporting adaptive occupational patterns.
Implications for practice
Application of nonlinear dynamic systems theory can inform clinical formulation for children/adolescents with persistent pain.
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