Predicting Recidivism: The Perspectives of Both Probation Practitioners and Clients on Their Working Alliance

Abstract

While there is growing evidence that the probation client-rated working alliance relates to recidivism, the practitioner’s view has received little attention. This study explored that association. A sample of 176 probationer-practitioner-client dyads was used. Probation practitioner and client-ratings of the working alliance (WAMCI) at two time points were used for Cox-regression analyses. Confounders were history of previous convictions and age of first conviction. The probation-practitioner-rated working alliance was found to be associated with recidivism, even when crime history was taken into account. The combined working alliance score of the dyad was found to be strongly associated with recidivism. The largest difference is caused when both score high or low. The results indicated a substantial association between the combined probation practitioner-client ratings and recidivism in the subsequent 4 years of the clients. These findings underscore the importance of a reciprocal collaboration between the client and the probation practitioner as a crucial component in the pathway toward desistance.

Plain Language Summary

Predicting recidivism: the views of both the probation practitioners and clients on their relationship

Recent research shows that, how well probation clients evaluate their relationship with their probation officer may affect whether they commit crimes again. Until now, little attention has been paid to how officers evaluate that relationship. This study looked at both sides—the client and the officer—to see how their views on their working relationship relate to reoffending. Researchers studied pairs of probation officers and clients, asking both to rate their working relationship at two different times. They also considered each client’s criminal history and the age of their first conviction. The officer’s view of the relationship was linked to whether the client reoffended, even when past crimes were taken into account. When both the officer and client gave similar ratings—either high or low—the connection to reoffending was strongest. The combined score from both sides was a strong predictor of whether the client committed another crime within four years. Conclusion: These results highlight how important it is for both the probation officer and client to work well together. A strong, mutual relationship may help clients stay away from crime.