Arterial Complications in Thoracic Outlet Compression Syndrome

d'Abreu A. L. : Cervical rib syndrome associated with a contracting lesion of the apex of the right lung. Brit. J. Surg. 31 (1943–44), 185.

Adson A. W. : Surgical treatment for symptoms produced by cervical ribs and the scalenus anticus muscle. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 85 (1947), 687.

Adson A. W. Coffey J. R. : Cervical rib. Ann. Surg. 85 (1927), 839.

Cooper A. Travers : see Eden.

Coote : see Eden.

Crawford E. S. de Bakey M. E. Fields W. S. et coll.: Surgical treatment of atherosclerotic occlusive lesions in patients with cerebral arterial insufficiency. Circulation 20 (1959), 168.

Eden K. C. : The vascular complications of cervical ribs and first thoracic rib abnormalities. Brit. J. Surg. 27 (1939–40), 111.

Edwards E. A. Levine H. D. : Auscultation in the diagnosis of compression of the subclavian artery. New Engl. J. Med. 247 (1952), 79.

Etter L. E. : Osseous abnormalities of the thoracic cagc seen in forty thousand consecutive chest photoroentgenograms. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 51 (1944), 359.

Falconer M. A. Wedell G. : Costoclavicular compression of the subclavian artery and vein. Lancet 1943: I, p. 539.

Galen : see Keen.

Gruber : see Keen.

Gladstone R. J. Wakeley C. P. G. : Cervical ribs and rudimentary first thoracic ribs considered from the clinical and etiological standpoints. J. Anat. (Lond.) 66 (1932), 334.

Halsted W. S. : An experimental study of circumscribed dilatation of an artery immediately distal to a partially occluding band, and its bearing on the dilatation of the subclavian artery observed in certain cases of cervical rib. J. exp. Med. 24 (1916), 271.

Halsted W. S. : Cylindrical dilatation of the common carotid artery following partial occlusion of the innominate and ligation of the subclavian. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 27 (1918), 547.

Haven H. : Neurocirculatory scalenus anticus syndrome in the presence of developmental defects of the first rib. Yale J. Biol. Med. 11 (1938–39), 443.

Holman E. : The obscure physiology of poststenotic dilatation: Its relation to the development of aneurysms. J. thorac. Surg. 28 (1954), 109.

Hoobler S. W. : The syndrome of cervical rib with subclavian arterial thrombosis and hemiplegia due to cerebral embolism. New Engl. J. Med. 226 (1942), 942.

Hunauld : see Keen.

Jones W. F. : The anatomy of cervical ribs. Proc. roy. Soc. Med. (Clin. Sect.) 6 (1913), 95.

Keen W. W. : The symptomatology, diagnosis, and surgical treatment of cervical ribs. Amer. J. med. Sci. 133 (1907), 173.

Learmonth J. R. : Some sequels of abnormality at the thoracic outlet. Thorax 2 (1947), 1.

Lewis T. Pickering G. W. : Observations upon maladies in which the blood supply to digits ceases intermittently or permanently, and upon bilateral gangrene of digits; observations relevant to so-called ‘Raynaud's disease’. Clin. Sci. 1 (1934), 327.

Lindgren S. : Vascular disease of the upper extremity with abnormality of the first thoracic rib. Acta chir. scand. 79 (1937), 81.

McGowan J. M. : Cervical rib: The rôle of the clavicle in occlusion of the subclavian artery. Ann. Surg. 124 (1946), 71.

Nelson P. A. : Treatment of patients with cervicodorsal outlet syndrome. J. Amer. med. Ass. 163 (1957), 1570.

Ödman P. : Percutaneous selective angiography of the main branches of the aorta. Acta radiol. 45 (1956), 1.

Poker N. Finby N. Steinberg I. : The subclavian arteries: Roentgen study in health and disease. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 80 (1958), 193.

Pommerenke W. T. Risteen W. A. : The scalenus anticus syndrome as a complication after gynecologic operations. Amer. J. Obstet. Gynec. 47 (1944, I), 395.

Raaf J. : Surgery for cervical rib and scalenus anticus syndrome. J. Amer. med Ass. 157 (1955), 219.

Rob C. G. Standeven A. : Arterial occlusion complicating thoracic outlet compression syndrome. Brit. med. J. 1958: II, p. 709.

Ross P. J. : The vascular complications of cervical rib. Ann. Surg. 150 (1959), 340.

Sargent P. : Lesions of the brachial plexus associated with rudimentary ribs. Brain 44 (1921), 95.

Schein C. J. Haimovici H. Young H. : Arterial thrombosis associated with cervical ribs: Surgical considerations. Surgery 40 (1956), 428.

Seldinger S. I. : Visualization of aortic and arterial occlusion by percutaneous puncture or catheterization of peripheral arteries. Angiology 8 (1957), 73.

Southam A. H. Bythell W. J. S. : Cervical ribs in children. Brit. med. J. 1924: II, p. 844.

Stammers F. A. R. : Pain in the upper limb from mechanisms in the costoclavicular space. Lancet 1950: II, p. 603.

Stein I. : The effect of change of position of the arm upon blood pressure. Amer. Heart J. 31 (1946), 477.

Steinberg I. : Poststenotic dilatation (aneurysm) of the subclavian artery associated with cervical rib. New Engl. J. Med. 256 (1957), 242.

Steiner H. A. : Roentgenologic manifestations and clinical symptoms of rib abnormalities. Radiology 40 (1943), 175.

Sycamore L. K. : Common congenital anomalies of the bony thorax. Amer. J. Roentgenol. 51 (1944), 593.

Telford E. D. Mottershead S. : Pressure of the cervico-brachial junction. J. Bone Jt Surg. 30 B (1948), 249.

Todd T. W. : ‘Cervical’ rib: Factors controlling its presence and its size. Its bearing on the morphology and development of the shoulder. J. Anat. Physiol. (London) 46 (1912), 244.

Todd T. W. : The arterial lesion in cases of ‘cervical’ rib. J. Anat. Physiol. (London) 47 (1913), 250.

Walshe F. M. R. : Nervous and vascular pressure syndromes of the thoracic inlet and cervicoaxillary canal. In: Feiling, A.: Modern trends in neurology, p. 542. Butterworth, London 1951.

White J. C. Poppel M. H. Adams R. : Congenital malformations of the first thoracic rib. Surg. Gynec. Obstet. 81 (1945), 643.

Wickbom I. : Arteriography in brachicephalic arteritis (pulseless disease or the Takayashu syndrome). Acta radiol. 48 (1957), 321.

Wright I. S. : The neurovascular syndrome produced by hyperabduction of the arms. Amer. Heart J. 29 (1945), 1.