Dyspnoea is here defined as the subjective sensation in patients with advanced disease where the demand for oxygen is greater than the body's ability to supply oxygen. This flow diagram describes the decision processes required to manage such patients. It excludes malignant causes, which have been covered in a previous flow diagram.1
Regnard C., Ahmedzai S.Dyspnoea in advanced cancer - a flow diagram. Palliative Medicine1990; 4: 69-73.
2.
Young IH, Daviskas E., Keena VAEffect of low dose nebulised morphine on exercise endurance in patients with chronic lung disease. Thorax1989; 44: 387-90.
3.
Ahmedzai S., Carter R., Mills RJ, Moran F.Effects of nabilone on pulmonary function. Proceedings of the Oxford Symposium on Cannabis. Oxford : IRL Press, 1985: 371-78.
