This study aimed to investigate the antioxidant effects of suledoxide (SDX) on myocardial tissue in ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury using the Langendorff heart system.
Methods
Rat hearts were studied with the Langendorff technique and subjected to 30 min perfusion in the presence or absence of SDX (1.5 mg/L) and followed by 60 min reperfusion again in the presence or absence of SDX (1.5 mg/L). The hearts were homogenized for biochemical and western blot analysis.
Results
Total antioxidant status of heart tissue was significantly higher in both Pre-sulodexide- administrated group (PreSDX) (p < 0.05) and Pre-Post sulodexide administrated group (PrePostSDX) (p < 0.01) groups compared to the IR group. Levels of total oxidant status were significantly lower in both PreSDX (p < 0.01) and PrePostSDX (p < 0.001) groups compared to the IR group and the Oxidative Stress Index (OSI) levels were significantly lower in PreSDX (p < 0.001), Post sulodexide administrated group (PostSDX) (p < 0.01) and PrePostSDX (p < 0.001) groups than the IR group. The levels of caspase 3, Bcl-2 homologues antagonist/killer (Bak) and Cytochrome-c (Cyt-c) were significantly lower in all three SDX groups (p’s < 0.001) compared to the IR group and the levels of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) were significantly higher in all three groups of SDX (p’s < 0.001) compared to the IR group. Levels of Bax were significantly lower in PreSDX (p < 0.001), PostSDX (p < 0.01) and PrePostSDX (p < 0.001) groups than the IR group. The Bcl-2–associated X protein (Bax)//Bcl-2 ratio was also significantly higher in IR group than all three SDX treated groups (p’s < 0.001).
Conclusions
It was concluded that SDX has anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in both pre-ischemia and pre- and post-ischemia treatment and might be added to cardioplegia solutions in clinical practice.
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