Association between the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) index and periodontitis in Korean adults: Analysis from the Korea national health and nutrition examination survey (KNHANES) 2016–2018

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the association between the Single-Point Insulin Sensitivity Estimator (SPISE) index and the prevalence of periodontitis in Korean adults. Basic research design: A cross-sectional study. Participants: Adults aged ≥20 years (n = 9899). Main outcome measures: Data from the 7^th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), conducted between 2016 and 2018 were analyzed. The SPISE index was calculated using the body mass index (BMI), serum triglyceride, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels, and the participants were categorized into quartiles. Periodontitis was defined on the basis of the World Health Organization’s Community Periodontal Index. The association between the SPISE index and periodontitis was evaluated using logistic regression analysis, and its predictive accuracy was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Results: A higher SPISE index was significantly associated with lower periodontitis prevalence, with a consistent inverse correlation observed in the unadjusted and multivariate models adjusted for age, sex, smoking, drinking, exercise, systemic diseases, socioeconomic status, and oral hygiene habits. The Q4 group had a 41% lower risk of periodontitis compared to the Q1 group (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50–0.70), and the areas under the ROC curves (AUC) from the ROC analysis was 0.749. Conclusions: The SPISE index demonstrated a significant inverse correlation with periodontitis.