Clinical characteristics and functional visual examination results in infantile cerebral palsy patients with cerebral visual impairment

Abstract

This study evaluated the clinical characteristics and functional vision examination results in infantile cerebral palsy (CP) cases with cerebral visual impairment (CVI). Thirty-one infantile CP cases with CVI were retrospectively analyzed. Nystagmus, strabismus, hyperopia astigmatism, and optic atrophy were present in 6%, 74%, 51%, and 23% of cases, respectively. The mean fixation time was 3.87 ± 2.97 s. Object tracking was absent in 29% and poor in 19%. Difficulty in visual complexity, novelty, and latency were reported in 77%, 74%, and 68% of cases, respectively. CVI severity was classified as phase 1 in 55%, phase 2 in 29%, and phase 3 in 16%. In phases 1 and 2, 50% showed a color preference, and 54% had a visual field preference. Infantile CP cases with CVI often exhibit short fixation times and CVI-specific visual responses. Functional vision assessment is valuable for early diagnosis and visual rehabilitation support.