Early introduction of complementary foods among infants exposed to maternal incarceration in utero

Abstract

Background

Early nutrition is critical to later health outcomes. Infants exposed to maternal incarceration are a marginalized population and may be at elevated risk for suboptimal feeding.

Aim

To assess adherence to recommended timing of complementary food introduction among infants exposed to maternal incarceration in utero.

Methods

We analyzed data from 69 infants and caregivers in Georgia. Formerly incarcerated mothers (n = 17) and nonmaternal caregivers (n = 52) reported timing of complementary food introduction. Regression analyses assessed associations with independent variables, including poverty, food insecurity, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program receipt, and caregiver education, psychological distress, and age.

Results

Approximately 47.8% of infants received complementary foods early, defined as before four months of age. The mean age of introduction was 3.6 months. Caregiver distress was associated with earlier introduction.

Conclusion

This population of caregivers requires tailored nutrition education, financial assistance, and mental health and social support services to promote optimal infant feeding practices.