Sonoclot analysis in children with congenital heart disease

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to compare preoperative baseline Sonoclot variables between acyanotic and cyanotic congenital heart disease patients.

Methods: 100 patients aged from infancy to 9-years were studied. Fifty patients each from the cyanotic and acyanotic groups were studied for sonoclot parameters preoperatively. After inhalational anesthetic induction, blood was collected from the arterial line and analyzed in a Sonoclot analyzer to measure Sonoclot activated coagulation time, clot rate, and platelet function.

Results: Sonoclot activated coagulation time was normal in both groups, but lower in the cyanotic group (127.95 ± 51.4 s) than the acyanotic group (147.85 ± 45.48 s; p = 0.54). Both groups had abnormal clot rates and platelet function. The clot rate was significantly lower in the cyanotic group (19.31 ± 10.68 Uċmin⁻¹) than acyanotic group (24.88 ± 9.23 Uċmin⁻¹; p = 0.009). Platelet function was deranged in 31% of patients (cyanotic, 59%; acyanotic, 8%; p < 0.001). Platelet function was the most severely affected baseline parameter.

Conclusions: Pediatric acyanotic and cyanotic congenital heart disease patients have deranged coagulation parameters as assessed by the Sonoclot analyzer. The abnormality is more marked in cyanotic patients. Platelet function is the most severely affected parameter. These baseline parameters in conjunction with post-bypass parameters for an individual patient will help in the formulation of specific blood component transfusion guidelines.