This study aimed to identify sex-specific factors associated with handgrip strength in elderly individuals. The analysis cohort comprised 1,197 men and 1,384 women aged ≥65 years. In men, factors associated with low handgrip strength included advanced age; low body mass index; low frequency of performing flexibility exercises; limited self-care ability (which is a measure of the health-related quality of life); and the presence of diabetes, stroke, or osteoporosis (R² = 0.285, F = 7.52, p < .001). In women, the factors included advanced age, low body mass index, low frequency of performing muscle strengthening exercises, stress, and osteoarthritis (R² = 0.225, F = 4.17, p < .001). Effective health-promoting interventions for elderly individuals require the development of individualized programs that enhance handgrip strength while considering sex-related factors.
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