“Family migration” and “integration” are intimately related concepts in policy discourses in Europe today. Assumptions about the relation between “family migration” and “integration” play a crucial role in shaping policies. This special issue aims to examine the axis between “family migration,” “policy,” and “integration,” both from a policy perspective, and from the perspective of individuals engaged in family migration. In this introduction, we first discuss scholarly work on family migration policies in Europe, which analyzes how policies and discourses on family migration and integration participate in the politics of belonging. Second, we explore the fragmented and incomplete insights offered by existing research about the actual relation between family migration and migrant integration.
AckersL.StalfordH. (2004). A community for children? Children, citizenship and internal migration in the EU. Aldershot, England: Ashgate.
2.
AutantC. (1995). La tradition au service des transitions. Le mariage des jeunes Turcs dans l’immigration [The tradition in the service of transitions: The marriage of young Turks in immigration]. Migrants-Formation, 101, 168-179.
3.
AybekC. M. (2012). Politics, symbolics, and facts: Migration policies and family migration from Turkey to Germany. Perceptions, 17(2), 37-59.
4.
BaileyA.BoyleP. (2004). Untying and retying family migration in the New Europe. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 30, 229-242.
5.
Beck-GernsheimE. (2011). The marriage route to migration: Of border artistes, transnational matchmaking and imported spouses. Nordic Journal of Migration Research, 1, 60-68.
6.
BeckerB. (2011). Cognitive and language skills of Turkish children in Germany: A comparison of the second and third generation and mixed generational groups. International Migration Review, 45, 426-459.
BhabhaJ.ShutterS. (1994). Women’s movement: Women under immigration, nationality and refugee law. Oakhill, England: Trentham Books.
9.
BlockL. (2012). Regulating social membership and family ties: Policy frames on spousal migration in Germany (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Department of Political and Social Sciences, European University Institute, Florence, Italy.
10.
BlockL.BonjourS. (2013). Fortress Europe or Europe of rights? The Europeanisation of family migration policies in France, Germany and the Netherlands. European Journal of Migration and Law, 15, 203-224.
11.
BonjourS. (2009). Grens en gezin: Beleidsvorming inzake gezinsmigratie in Nederland, 1955-2005 [Border and family: Policymaking on family migration in the Netherlands, 1955-2005]. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Aksant.
12.
BonjourS. (2010). Between integration provision and selection mechanism: Party politics, judicial constraints, and the making of French and Dutch policies of civic integration abroad. European Journal of Migration and Law, 12, 299-318.
13.
BonjourS.BlockL. (2014). Ethnicized membership. The decreasing family migration rights of citizens in France, Germany, and the Netherlands. Paper presented at the Seminar on Marriage Migration, Copenhagen, Denmark.
14.
BonjourS.de HartB. (2013). A proper wife, a proper marriage: Constructions of “us” and “them” in Dutch family migration policy. European Journal of Women’s Studies, 20, 61-76.
15.
BoyleP. J.CookeT. J.HalfacreeK. H.SmithD. (2001). A cross-national comparison of the impact of family migration on women’s employment status. Demography, 38, 201-213.
16.
CarolS.ErsanilliE.WagnerM. (2014). Spousal choice among the children of Turkish and Moroccan immigrants in six European countries: Transnational spouse or co-ethnic migrant?International Migration Review, 48, 387-414. doi:10.1111/imre.12068
17.
ÇelikaksoyA.Sykt NielsenH.VernerM. (2006). Marriage migration: Just another case of positive assortative matching?Review of Economics of the Household, 4, 253-275.
18.
ChaloffJ. (2013, November). Global trends in family migration in the OECD. Paper presented at the conference “Adapting to changes in Family migration: The experience of OECD countries,”Washington, DC. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/els/mig/Chaloff.pdf
19.
CharsleyK. (2005). Unhappy husbands: Masculinity and migration in transnational Pakistani marriages. Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute, 11, 85-105.
20.
CharsleyK. (2012). Transnational marriage. In CharsleyK. (Ed.), Transnational marriage: New perspectives from Europe and beyond (pp. 3-22). London, England: Routledge.
21.
ChauvinS.Garcés-MascareñasB.KralerA. (2013). Working for legality: Employment and migrant regularization in Europe. International Migration, 51(6), 118-131.
22.
ChiswickB. R.Liang LeeY.MillerP. W. (2006). Immigrants’ language skills and visa category. International Migration Review, 40, 419-450.
23.
ColletB.PhilippeC.SantelliE. (2008). Emergence de la question du “mariage forcé” dans l’espace public en France [Emergence of the issue of “forced marriage” in public space in France]. Retrieved from http://terra.rezo.net/article809.html.
24.
ConstableN. (2005). Introduction: Cross-border marriages, gendered mobility, and global hypergamy. In ConstableN. (Ed.), Cross-border marriages: Gender and mobility in transnational Asia (pp. 1-16). Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
25.
CreeseG.DyckI.McLarenA. T. (2011). The problem of “human capital.” Gender, place and immigrant household strategies of reskillling in Vancouver. In KralerA.KofmanE.KohliM.SchmollC. (Eds.), Gender, generations and the family in international migration (pp. 141-162). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press.
de HartB. (2003). Onbezonnen vrouwen: Gemengde relaties in het nationaliteitsrecht en het vreemdelingenrecht [Brash women: Mixed relationships in nationality law and immigration law]. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Aksant.
28.
de HartB. (2006). The morality of Maria Toet: Gender, citizenship, and the construction of the nation-state. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 32, 49-68.
29.
de HartB. (2009). Love thy neighbour: Family reunification and the rights of insiders. European Journal of Migration and Law, 11, 235-252.
30.
de HartB.van OersR. (2006). European trends in nationality law. In BauböckR.ErsbøllE.GronendijkK.WaldrauchH. (Eds.), Acquisition and loss of nationality: Comparative analysis (Vol. 1, pp. 316-357). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press
31.
De ValkH.LiefbroerA. C.EsveldtI.HenkensK. (2004). Family formation and cultural integration among migrants in the Netherlands. Genus, 60(3/4), 9-35.
32.
EggebøH. (2010). The problem of dependency. Immigration, gender, and the welfare state. Social Politics, 17, 295-322.
33.
EggebøH. (2013). A real marriage? Applying for marriage migration to Norway. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 39, 773-789.
34.
FairL. (2010). “Why can’t I get married?”—Denmark and the “Twenty-four year law.”Social & Cultural Geography, 11, 139-153.
35.
FonsecaM. L. (2008). Defining “family” and bringing it together: The ins and outs of family reunification in Portugal. In GrilloR. (Ed.), The family in question: Immigrant and ethnic minorities in multicultural Europe (pp. 89-111). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press.
36.
GedalofI. (2007). Unhomely homes: Women, family and belonging in UK discourses of migration and asylum. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 33, 77-94.
37.
González FerrerA. (2006). Why do immigrants marry? Partner choice among single immigrants in Germany. European Sociological Review, 22, 171-185.
38.
GrilloR. (2008). The family in dispute: Insiders and outsiders. In GrilloR. (Ed.), The family in question: Immigrant and ethnic minorities in multicultural Europe (pp. 15-35). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press.
39.
HooghiemstraE. (2003). Trouwen over de grens. Achtergronden van partnerkeuze van Turken en Marokkanen in Nederland [Getting married across the border: Backgrounds of the partner choice of Turks and Moroccans in the Netherlands]. The Hague, Netherlands: Sociaal en Cultureel Planbureau.
JayaweeraH. (2012). Migration, integration and transnational involvement: Muslim family migrants in urban areas in Britain. In CharsleyK. (Ed.), Transnational marriage: New perspectives from Europe and beyond (pp. 81-104). London, England: Routledge.
42.
KalterF.SchroedterJ. H. (2010). Transnational marriage among former labour migrants in Germany. Journal of Family Research, 22, 11-36.
43.
KofmanE. (2004). Family-related migration: A critical review of European studies. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 30, 243-262.
44.
KofmanE.KralerA.KohliM.SchmollC. (2011). Introduction. Issues and debates on family-related migration and the migrant family: A European perspective. In KralerA.KofmanE.KohliM.SchmollC. (Eds.), Gender, generations and the family in international migration (pp. 13-54). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press.
45.
KofmanE.SaharsoS.VacchelliE. (2013). Gendered perspectives on integration measures and discourses. International Migration. Advance online publication. doi:10.1111/imig.12102
KralerA. (2010b). Ein umkämpftes Terrain: Familienmigration und Familie Migrationspolitik [A contested terrain: Family migration and family migration policy]. In LangthalerH. (Ed.), Integration in Österreich: Sozialwissenschaftliche Befunde [Integration in Austria: Social science findings] (pp. 64-103). Innsbruck, Austria: StudienVerlag.
48.
KralerA. (2011). Fixing, adjusting, regulating, protecting human rights: The shifting uses of regularisations in the European Union. European Journal of Migration and Law, 13, 297-316.
KralerA.ReichelD.KönigA.Baldwin-EdwardsM.ŞimşekM. (2014). Feasibility study on the labour market trajectories of regularised immigrants within the European Union (REGANE I) (Final Report). Vienna, Austria: ICMPD.
51.
LavanchyA. (2013). L’amour aux services de l’état civil: Régulations institutionnelles de l’intimité et fabrique de la ressemblance nationale en Suisse [Love at the civil registration service: Institutional regulations of intimacy and the construction of national resemblance in Switzerland]. Migrations Société, 25, 61-77.
52.
LeerkesA.Kulu-GlasgowI. (2011). Playing hard(er) to get: The state, international couples, and the income requirement. European Journal of Migration and Law, 13, 95-121.
53.
LievensJ. (1999). Family-forming migration from Turkey and Morocco to Belgium: The demand for marriage partners from the countries of origin. International Migration Review, 33, 717-744.
54.
LiversageA. (2009). Life below a “language threshold”? Stories of Turkish marriage migrant women in Denmark. European Journal of Women’s Studies, 16, 229-247.
55.
LiversageA. (2012). Gender, conflict and subordination within the household: Turkish migrant marriage and divorce in Denmark. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 38, 1119-1136.
56.
LiversageA. (2013). Gendered struggles over residency rights when Turkish immigrant marriages break up. Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 3, 1070-1090.
57.
LiversageA.JakobsenV. (2010). Sharing space: Gendered patterns of extend household living among young Turkish marriage migrants in Denmark. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 41, 693-715.
58.
LucassenL. (2005). The immigrant threat: The integration of old and new migrants in Western Europe since 1850. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.
59.
MaskensM. (2013a). L’amour et ses frontières: Régulations étatiques et migrations de mariage (Belgique, France, Suisse et Italie) [Love and its borders: State regulations and marriage migrations (Belgium, France, Switzerland, and Italy)]. Migrations Société, 25, 43-60.
60.
MaskensM. (2013b, April). “Subversive Love”: How do municipal registrar officers distinguish real from fake marriages in Brussels. Paper presented at the conference Intimate Migrations, Roskilde University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
61.
MessingerI. (2011). Historischer Streifzug zum Rechtskonstruk “Scheinehe” [Historical investigation of the legal construct “sham marriage”]. In PilgramA.BoellingerL.JaschM.KrasmannS.PrittwitzC.ReinkeH.RzepkaD. (Eds.), Einheitliches Recht fuer die Vielfalt der Kulturen? Strafrecht und Kriminologie in Zeiten transkultureller Gesellschaften und transnationalen Rechts [Uniform law for the diversity of cultures? Criminal law and criminology in times of transcultural societies and transnational law] (pp. 359-379). Berlin, Germany: LIT Verlag.
62.
MessingerI. (2012). Schein oder Nicht Schein. Konstruktion und Kriminalisierung von “Scheinehen” in Geschichte und Gegenwart [Sham or not sham: Construction and criminalization of “sham marriages” in the past and present]. Vienna, Austria: Mandelbaum.
63.
MyrdahlE. M. (2010). Legislating love: Norwegian family reunification law as a racial project. Social & Cultural Geography, 11, 103-116.
64.
NannestadP. (2007). Immigration and welfare states: A survey of 15 years of research. European Journal of Political Economy, 23, 512-532.
OlwigK. F. (2011). “Integration”: Migrants and refugees between Scandinavian welfare societies and family relations. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 37, 179-196.
67.
PalriwalaR.UberoiP. (2008). Exploring the links: Gender issues in marriage and migration. In PalriwalaR.UberoiP. (Eds.), Marriage, migration and gender (pp. 23-60). London, England: Sage.
68.
PiperN.RocesM. (2003). Introduction: Marriage and migration in an age of globalization. In PiperN.RocesM. (Eds.), Wife or worker? Asian women and migration (pp. 1-22). Boulder, CO: Rowman & Littlefield.
69.
RaissiguierC. (2013). Blood matters. Sarkozy’s immigration policies and their gendered impact. In SchroverM.MoloneyD. M. (Eds.), Gender, migration and categorisation: Making distinctions between migrants in western countries, 1945-2010 (pp. 175-192). Amsterdam, Netherlands: Amsterdam University Press.
70.
RytterM. (2013). Family upheaval: Generation, mobility and relatedness among Pakistani migrants in Denmark. New York, NY: Berghahn Books.
71.
SchmidtG. (2011). Law and identity. Transnational arranged marriages and the boundaries of Danishness. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 37, 257-275.
72.
SchmidtG.Krogh GraversenB.JakobsenV.Gudrun JensenT.LiversageA. (2009). New regulations on family reunification. what have the new regulations meant for patterns in partner selection by ethnic minorities?. Kopenhagen: SFI - The Danish National Centre for Social Research.
ShawA.CharsleyK. (2006). Rishtas: Adding emotion to strategy in understanding British Pakistani transnational marriages. Global Networks, 6, 405-421.
75.
SmitsJ. (1999). Family migration and the labour-force participation of married women in the Netherlands, 1977–1996. International Journal of Population Geography, 5, 133-150.
76.
StraßburgerG. (2003). Heiratsverhalten und Partnerwahl im Einwanderungskontext: Eheschliessungen der zweiten Migrantengeneration tuerkischer Herkunft [Marriage behavior and partner choice in the immigration context: Marriages of second generation migrants of Turkish origin]. Würzburg: Ergon Verlag.
77.
StrasserE.KralerA.BonjourS.BilgerV. (2009). Doing family: Responses to state constructions of “the migrant family” across Europe. History of the Family, 14, 165-176.
TimmermanC. (2006). Gender dynamics in the context of Turkish marriage migration: The case of Belgium. Turkish Studies, 7, 125-143.
80.
TimmermanC.WetsJ. (2011). Marriage migration and the labour market. Nordic Journal of Migration Research, 1, 69-79.
81.
Van KerckemK.Van der BrachtK.Van de PutteB.StevensP. A. J. (2013). Transnational marriages on the decline: Explaining changing trends in partner choice among Turkish Belgians. International Migration Review, 47, 1006-1038.
82.
Van WalsumS. K. (2008). The family and the nation: Dutch family migration policies in the context of changing family norms. Newcastle Upon Tyne, England: Cambridge Scholars.
83.
WrayH. (2006). An ideal husband? Marriages of convenience, moral gate-keeping and immigration to the UK. European Journal of Migration and Law, 8, 303-320.
84.
WrayH. (2009). Moulding the migrant family. Legal Studies, 29, 592-618.
85.
WrayH. (2011). Regulating marriage migration into the UK: A stranger in the home. Farnham, England: Ashgate.
