Sage Journals: Discover world-class research

Abstract

Questions concerning longitudinal stability and multi-method consistency are critical to temperament research. Latent State-Trait (LST) analyses address these directly, and were utilized in this study. Thus, our primary objective was to apply LST analyses in a temperament context, using longitudinal and multi-method data to determine the amount of trait vs. state variance, as well as convergence for measures of Distress to Limitations (DL) facets. Mothers’ ratings and independent observations of DL behaviors collected on two occasions (8 months old and 12 months old) for 148 infants (49.2% female) were utilized. Single source latent state-trait (LST) analyses indicated that parent ratings of DL behavior (PDL) contained more trait (M = 61%) than state residual (M = 39%) variance, whereas independent observations (IO) of DL behavior contained substantially more state residual (75%) than trait (25%) variance. A multiple source LST analysis indicated virtually zero convergence for either trait or state residual variance between PDL and IO ratings (M = 2%). In conclusion, PDL ratings were more trait-like across the 4-month interval, whereas IO ratings of DL were more state-like in nature. Also, no convergence was found between the two methods of measurement. Results are discussed with an emphasis on implications for the utility of LST analyses in temperament research.

Keywords

distress to limitations latent state-trait longitudinal research temperament

Get full access to this article

View all access options for this article.

References

Bornstein

M. H.

(2014). Parents’ reports about their children’s lives. In Ben-Arieh

Cashmore

Goodman

G. S.

Melton

G. B.

(Eds.), The SAGE handbook of child research (pp. 486–533). London, UK: Sage.

Bornstein

M. H.

Arterberry

M. E.

Lamb

M. E.

(2014). Development in infancy: A contemporary introduction (5th ed.). New York, NY: Psychology Press.

Bornstein

M. H.

Putnick

D. L.

Gartstein

M. A.

Hahn

Kwak

Auestad

O’Connor

D. L.

(2015). Infant temperament across the first years of postnatal life: Stability by age, gender, birth order, term status, and SES. Child Development, 86, 844–863.

Burns

G. L.

Lee

(2011). Child and adolescent disruptive behavior inventory–Parent version 5.0. Pullman, WA: Author.

Burns

G. L.

Servera

Bernad

Carrillo

J. M.

Geiser

(2014). Ratings of ADHD symptoms and academic impairment by mothers, fathers, teachers and aides: Construct validity within and across settings as well as occasions. Psychological Assessment, 26, 1247–1258. doi:10.1037/pas0000008

Courvoisier

D. S.

Nussbeck

F. W.

Eid

Geiser

Cole

D. A.

(2008). Analyzing the convergent validity of states and traits: Development and application of multimethod latent state-trait models. Psychological Assessment, 20, 270–280.

Diaz

Bell

M. A.

(2012). Frontal EEG asymmetry and fear reactivity in different contexts at 10 months. Developmental Psychobiology, 54, 536–545. doi:10.1002/dev.20612

Gagne

J. R.

Van Hulle

C. A.

Aksan

Essex

M. J.

Goldsmith

H. H.

(2011). Deriving childhood temperament measures from emotion-eliciting behavioral episodes: Scale construction and initial validation. Psychological Assessment, 23, 337–353. doi:10.1037/a0021746

Garcia Coll

C. T.

Halpern

L. F.

Vohr

B. R.

Seifer

(1992). Stability and correlates of change of early temperament in preterm and full-term infants. Infant Behavior & Development, 15, 137–153. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7687.2010.00969.x

10.

Gartstein

M. A.

Bridgett

D. J.

Low

C. M.

(2012). Self- and Other-Report Measures of Temperament. In: Zentner

Shiner

(Eds.), The Handbook of Temperament (pp. 183–208). New York: Guilford Press.

11.

Gartstein

M. A.

Bridgett

D. J.

Rothbart

M. K.

Robertson

Iddins

Ramsay

Schlect

(2010). A latent growth examination of fear development in infancy: Contributions of maternal depression and the risk for toddler anxiety. Developmental Psychology, 46, 651–668.

12.

Gartstein

M. A.

Putnam

S. P.

Aaron

Rothbart

M. K.

(2016). Temperament and personality. In Matzman

(Ed.), Oxford handbook of treatment processes and outcomes in counseling psychology (pp. 11–41). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

13.

Gartstein

M. A.

Rothbart

M. K.

(2003). Studying infant temperament via the revised infant behavior questionnaire. Infant Behavior and Development, 26, 64–86. doi:10.1016/s0163-6383(02)00169-8

14.

Geiser

Hintz

Burns

Servera

(2017). Latent variable modeling of person-situation data. In Rauthmann

J. F.

Sherman

Funder

D. C.

(Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Psychological Situations (10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190263348.013.15). New York: Oxford University Press.

15.

Goldsmith

H. H.

Rothbart

M. K

. (1996). The laboratory temperament assessment battery. Prelocomotor Version, V.3.00. Unpublished manuscript.

16.

Khadka

Burns

G. L.

(2013). A measurement framework to determine the construct validity of ADHD/ODD rating scales: Additional evaluations of the child and adolescent disruptive behavior inventory. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 35, 283–292. doi:10.1007/s10862-012-9336-z

17.

Litson

Geiser

Burns

G. L.

Servera

(2016). Trait and state variance in multi-informant assessments of ADHD and academic impairment in Spanish first-grade children. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 4416, 1–14. doi:10.1080/15374416.2015.1118693

18.

Little

T. D.

(2013). Longitudinal structural equation modeling. New York, NY: Guilford Press.

19.

Majdandzic

van den Boom

D. C.

Heesbeen

D. G.

(2008). Peas in a pod: Biases in the measurement of sibling temperament? Developmental Psychology, 44, 1354–1368.

20.

Muthén

L. K.

Muthén

B. O.

(1998–2017). Mplus User’s Guide. Seventh Edition. Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.

21.

Pauli-Pott

Mertesacker

Bade

Haverkock

Beckmann

(2003). Parental perceptions and infant temperament development. Infant Behavior & Development, 26, 27–48. doi:10.1016/S0163-6383(02)00167-4

22.

Preszler

Burns

G. L.

Litson

Geiser

Servera

(2016). Trait and state variance in oppositional defiant disorder symptoms: A multi-source investigation with Spanish children. Psychological Assessment, 28, 1–13.

23.

Preszler

Burns

G. L.

Litson

Geiser

Servera

Becker

S. P.

(2017). How consistent is sluggish cognitive tempo across occasions, sources, and settings? Evidence from latent state-trait modeling. Assessment. Advance online publication. doi:10.1177/1073191116686178

24.

Rothbart

M. K.

(1981). Measurement of temperament in infancy. Child Development, 52, 569–578.

25.

Saudino

K. J.

(2003). Parent ratings of infant temperament lessons from twin studies. Infant Behavior & Development, 26, 100–107. doi:10.1016/S0163-6383(02)00171-6

26.

Steyer

Mayer

Geiser

Cole

(2014). A theory of states and traits—revised. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 10, 1–28. doi:10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-032813-153719

27.

Stifter

C. A.

Braungart

J. M.

(1995). The regulation of negative reactivity in infancy: Function and development. Developmental Psychology, 31, 448–455.

Supplementary Material

Please find the following supplemental material available below.

For Open Access articles published under a Creative Commons License, all supplemental material carries the same license as the article it is associated with.

For non-Open Access articles published, all supplemental material carries a non-exclusive license, and permission requests for re-use of supplemental material or any part of supplemental material shall be sent directly to the copyright owner as specified in the copyright notice associated with the article.

0.00 MB

0.05 MB

0.32 MB

0.05 MB

0.32 MB

Latent state-trait modeling

Abstract

Keywords

Get full access to this article

References

Supplementary Material