The expressive communication of 15 young Brazilian children with cerebral visual impairments and developmental disabilities including cerebral palsy was examined using the Portuguese parent version of the Communication Matrix. Results indicate that these children demonstrated pre-intentional, intentional, unconventional, and conventional communication behaviors to express refusal, requests, and social communication functions.
BlackstoneS. W.LuoF.CancholaJ.WilkinsonK. M.Roman-LanskyC. (2021). Children with cortical visual impairment and complex communication needs: Identifying gaps between needs and current practice. Language, Speech, and Hearing in Schools, 52(2), 612–629. https://doi.org/10.1044/2020_LSHSS-20-00088
2.
BradyN. C.BruceS.GoldmanA.EricksonK.MineoB.OgletreeB. T.RomskiM. A.SevickR.SiegelE.SchoonoverJ.SnellM.SylvesterL.WilkinsonK. (2016). Communication services and supports for individuals with severe disabilities: Guidance for assessment and intervention. American Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 121(2), 121–138. https://doi.org/10.1352/1944-7558-121.2.121
3.
ChenD. (2014). Promoting early communication and language development. In ChenD. (Ed.), Essential elements in early intervention: Visual impairments and multiple disabilities (2nd ed., pp. 396–462). AFB Press.
4.
ChoiJ. Y.ChoiY. S.ParkE. S. (2017). Language development and brain magnetic resonance imaging characteristics in preschool children with cerebral palsy. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 60(5), 1330–1338. https://doi.org/10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-16-0281
5.
DukeR.EyongK.BurtonK.MacLeodD.DuttonG. N.GilbertC.BowmanR. (2019). The effect of visual support strategies on the quality of life of children with cerebral palsy and cerebral visual impairment/perceptual visual dysfunction in Nigeria: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials, 20(1), 417–429. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3527-9
6.
DuttonG. N.LueckA. H. (2015). Impairment of vision due to damage to the brain. In LueckA. H.DuttonG. N. (Eds.), Vision and brain: Understanding cerebral visual impairment in children (pp. 3–20). AFB Press.
7.
HattonD. D.IvyS. E.BoyerC. (2013). Severe visual impairments in infants and toddlers in the United States. Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness, 107(5), 325–336. https://doi.org/10.1177/0145482X1310700502
8.
LueckA. L.ChenD.HartmannE. (2021). CVI companion guide to the developmental guidelines for infants with visual impairments: A guidebook for early intervention (2nd ed.). American Printing House for the Blind.
9.
MarrusN.HallL. (2017). Intellectual disability and language disorder. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 26(3), 539–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2017.03.001
10.
McWilliamR. A. (2010). Routines-based early intervention: Supporting young children and their families.Paul H. Brookes.
PehereN. K.NarasaiahA.DuttonG. N. (2019). Cerebral visual impairment is a major cause of profound visual impairment in children aged less than three years: A study from a tertiary eye clinic in south India. Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, 67(10), 1544–1547. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijo.IJO_1850_18
RowlandC. (2011). Using the communication matrix to assess expressive skills in early communicators. Communication Disorders Quarterly, 32(3), 190–201. https://doi.org/10.1177/1525740110394651
15.
RowlandC.Fried-OkenM. (2010). Communication matrix: A clinical and research assessment tool targeting children with severe communication disorders. Journal of Pediatric Rehabilitative Medicine, 3(4), 319–329. https://doi.org/10.3233/PRM-2010-0144
