The just transition (JT) perspective has gained a generalized attention in recent years in conjunction with the increasing pressures that Western societies are under to green their economies as a way to address climate change. In this perspective the role of trade unions (TUs) is central as they are encouraged to drive the socio-technical transformation to avoid the intensification of the dilemma between the protection of jobs and the protection of the environment. The article explores the way in which TUs thematize the challenge of the JT in a specific locality – Taranto, Southern Italy – and in one of the most carbon-intensive sectors – the steel industry. Although they share common concerns, different positions emerge in relation to the nature of the challenge and the possible pathways to greening steel production in the area. Yet, trade unions are still elaborating the question of the role that they are called to play in it.
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