In this paper, a fast fault detection scheme is developed for a class of nonlinear interconnected systems with output measurements. First, through combining an adaptive high gain observer with the deterministic learning theory, the system states and unknown dynamics are estimated simultaneously. However, large value of gain may let the estimator becomes noise sensitive. Thus, the observer structure is modified to avoid this issue. Second, by reusing the estimated knowledge which is stored in the constant radial basis function (RBF) neural networks, a bank of dynamic estimators are constructed. Then, the average norms of residuals are generated. The smallest residual principle is considered for decision-making in the detection phase. Third, the fault detection conditions and detection time are analyzed under the influence of observer gain. A simulation example is utilized to illustrate the effectiveness of this scheme.
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