2 Peter typically does not receive much attention within the study of early canon development. This article, however, focuses on the term ἀπόστολοι in 2 Pet. 3.2 and examines whether it points beyond historical followers of Jesus so as to implicitly include the written legacy produced by them or by their close associates. My inquiry consists of three components: (a) a survey of Justin Martyr’s use of ἀπόστολοι in his stock phrase ‘memoirs of the apostles’ as a roughly contemporaneous analogue to 2 Peter, (b) a study of the juxtaposition ‘apostles’ and ‘prophets’ in 2 Pet. 3.2 and (c) an inquiry into 2 Peter’s literary dependence on the canonical gospels.
AdamsSean A.2015 ‘The Tradition of Peter’s Literacy: Acts, 1 Peter, and Petrine Literature’, in BondHelen K.HurtadoLarry W. (eds.), Peter in Early Christianity (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans): 130-45.
2.
AllertCraig D.2002Revelation, Truth, Canon and Interpretation: Studies in Justin Martyr’s Dialogue with Trypho (Supplements to Vigiliae Christianae, 64; Leiden: Brill).
3.
BarnettAlbert E.1941Paul Becomes a Literary Influence (Chicago: University of Chicago Press).
4.
BauckhamRichard J.1983Jude, 2 Peter (WBC; Waco, TX: Word Books).
5.
BockmuehlMarkus2010The Remembered Peter: In Ancient Reception and Modern Debate (WUNT, 262; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck).
6.
BockmuehlMarkus2012Simon Peter in Scripture and Memory: The New Testament Apostle in the Early Church (Grand Rapids, MI: Baker Academic).
7.
BoobyerG.H.1959 ‘The Indebtedness of 2 Peter to 1 Peter’, in HigginsA.J.B. (ed.), New Testament Essays: Studies in Memory of T.W. Manson (Manchester: Manchester University Press): 34-53.
8.
CallanTerrance2014 ‘The Gospels of Matthew and John in the Second Letter of Peter’, in BattenAlicia J.KloppenborgJohn S. (eds.), James, 1 & 2 Peter, and Early Jesus Traditions (LNTS, 478; London: Bloomsbury): 166-80.
9.
Chatelion CounetP.2006 ‘Pseudepigraphy and the Petrine School: Spirit and Tradition in 1 and 2 Peter and Jude’, HTS62: 403-24.
10.
CirafesiWally V.FewsterGregory P.2016 ‘Justin’s ἀπομνημονεύματα and Ancient Greco-Roman Memoirs’, Early Christianity7.2: 186-212.
11.
DavidsPeter H.2006The Letters of 2 Peter and Jude (PNTC; Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans).
12.
DonelsonLewis R.2010I & II Peter and Jude: A Commentary (Louisville, KY: Westminster John Knox Press).
13.
EhrmanBart D.2013Forgery and Counterforgery: The Use of Literary Deceit in Early Christian Polemics (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
14.
FarkasfalvyDenis1980 ‘“Prophets and Apostles”: The Conjunction of the Two Terms before Irenaeus’, in MarchW. Eugene(ed.), Texts and Testaments: Critical Essays on the Bible and Early Church Fathers (San Antonio, TX: Trinity University Press): 109-34.
15.
FarkasfalvyDenis1985 ‘The Ecclesial Setting of Pseudepigraphy in Second Peter’, SecCent5.1: 3-29.
16.
FarkasfalvyDenis2010Inspiration and Interpretation: A Theological Introduction to Sacred Scripture (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press).
17.
GilmourMichael J.2002The Significance of Parallels between 2 Peter and Other Early Christian Literature (Atlanta, GA: SBL).
18.
GoodacreMark2012Thomas and the Gospels: The Case for Thomas’s Familiarity with the Synoptics (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans).
19.
GreenMichael20092 Peter and Jude (TNTC; Nottingham: IVP Academic).
20.
GrünstäudlW.2013Petrus Alexandrinus: Studien zum historischen und theologischen Ort des zweiten Petrusbriefes (WUNT, 2.353; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck).
21.
GrünstäudlW.PoplutzUtaNicklasTobias (eds.) 2018Der zweite Petrusbrief und das Neue Testament (WUNT, 397; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck).
22.
HillCharles E.2001 ‘Ignatius and the Apostolate: The Witness of Ignatius to the Emergence of Christian Scripture’, in WilesM.F.YarnoldE.J. (eds.), Studia Patristica 36 (Leuven: Peeters Press): 226-48.
23.
HillCharles E.2007 ‘Was John’s Gospel among Justin’s Apostolic Memoirs?’, in ParvisSaraFosterPaul (eds.), Justin Martyr and his Worlds (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press): 88-94.
24.
HillCharles E.2012 ‘“In these Very Words”: Methods and Standards of Literary Borrowing in the Second Century’, in HillCharles E.KrugerMichael J. (eds.), The Early Text of the New Testament (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 261-81.
25.
HolmesMichael W. (ed.) 2007The Apostolic Fathers: Greek Texts and English Translations (3rd edn; Grand Rapids, MI: Baker).
26.
HorrellDavid G.1998The Epistles of Peter and Jude (London: Epworth Press).
27.
KoesterHelmut1990Ancient Christian Gospels: Their History and Development (London: SCM Press).
28.
KrugerMichael J.2020 ‘2 Peter 3:2, the Apostolate, and a Bi-Covenantal Canon’, JETS63.1: 5-24.
29.
McGowanAndrew Brian1999 ‘“Is there a Liturgical Text in this Gospel?”: The Institution Narratives and their Early Interpretive Communities’, JBL118.1: 73-87.
30.
MillerR.1996 ‘Is there Independent Attestation for the Transfiguration in 2 Peter?’, NTS42.4: 620-25.
31.
MinnsDenisParvisPaul (eds.) 2009Justin, Philosopher and Martyr: Apologies (OECT; Oxford: Oxford University Press).
32.
NeyreyJerome H.20042 Peter, Jude: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary (AB, 37C; New Haven, CT: Yale University Press).
33.
NienhuisDavid R.WallRobert W.2013Reading the Epistles of James, Peter, John, and Jude as Scripture: The Shaping and Shape of a Canonical Collection (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans).
34.
NovensonMatthew V.2015 ‘Why Are there Some Petrine Epistles Rather than None?’, in BondHelen K.HurtadoLarry W. (eds.), Peter in Early Christianity (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans): 146-57.
35.
PaulsenHenning1997Zur Literatur und Geschichte des frühen Christentums: Gesammelte Aufsätze (ed. EisenUte E.; WUNT, 99; Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck).
SkarsauneOskar1982 ‘The Proof from Prophecy: A Study in Justin Martyr’s Proof-Text Tradition: Text-Type, Provenance, Theological Profile’ (PhD dissertation, University of Oslo).
38.
SkarsauneOskar2007 ‘Justin and his Bible’, in ParvisSaraFosterPaul (eds.), Justin Martyr and his Worlds (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Press): 53-76.
39.
VerheydenJoseph2012 ‘Justin’s Text of the Gospels: Another Look at the Citations in 1 Apol. 15.1-8’, in HillCharles E.KrugerMichael J. (eds.), The Early Text of the New Testament (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 313-35.
40.
WallRobert W.2001 ‘The Canonical Function of 2 Peter’, BibInt9.1: 64-81.
