This article makes a case for the use of blended learning in teaching human development as a means to encourage higher-order student learning outcomes. The authors review literature regarding the use and effectiveness of blended learning, discuss an illustrative example of a redesign of a human development course, present outcomes from a quasi-experimental comparison of delivery methods (e.g., blended vs. face-to-face lecture), and consider the strengths and weaknesses of the blended approach.
BloomB. S. (1956). Taxonomy of educational objectives.
Handbook I. The cognitive domain. New York, NY: Longman.
3.
BoudD.FelettiG. I. (1997). In, The challenge of problem-based learning.
2nd ed.).
London: Kogan Page Limited.
4.
BoyleT.BradleyC.ChalkP.JonesR.PickardP. (2003). Using blended learning to improve student success rates in learning to program. Journal of Educational Media, 28(2-3):165–178.
5.
DerntlM.Motschnig-PitrikR. (2005). The role of structure, patterns, and people in blended learning. Internet and Higher Education, 8, 111–130.
6.
DziubanC. D.MoskalP. D.HartmanJ. (2005). Higher education, blended learning, and the generations: Knowledge is power. No more. In BourneJ.MooreJ. C. (Eds.), Elements of quality online education: Engaging communities.
Needham, MA: Sloan Center for Online Education.
GarrisonD. R.KanukaH. (2004). Blended learning: Uncovering its transformative potential in higher education. Internet and Higher Education, 7, 95–105.
9.
GinnsP.EllisR. (2007). Quality in blended learning: Exploring the relationship between on-line and face-to-face teaching and learning. Internet and Higher Education, 10, 53–64.
10.
GloverR. J.CottleN. R. (2011). Motivation, learning environment preference and use of learning strategies as related to student learning and knowledge in a blended vs. face-to-face format. Manuscript submitted for publication.
KolbD. (1984). Experiential learning: Experience as the source of learning and development.
Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
13.
OlapiriyakulK.ScherJ. M. (2006). A guide to establishing hybrid learning courses: Employing information technology to create a new learning experience, and a case study. Internet and Higher Education, 9, 287–301.
14.
RovaiA. P. (2002). Development of an instrument to measure classroom community. The Internet and Higher Education, 5, 197–211.
15.
RovaiA. P.JordanH. M. (2004). Blended learning and sense of community: A comparative analysis with traditional and fully online graduate courses. International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning. Retrieved fromhttp://www.irrodl.org/content/v5.2/rovai-jordan.html
16.
Secretary’s Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills. (1991). What work requires of schools: A SCANS report for America 2000.
Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Labor. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED332054)
17.
SinghH. (2003). Building effective blended learning programs. Educational Technology, 43(6):51–54.
18.
SmartK. L.CappelJ. J. (2006). Students' perceptions of online learning: A comparative study. Journal of Information Technology Education, 5, 201–219.
19.
StarenkoM.VignareK.HumbertJ. (2007). Enhancing student interaction and sustaining faculty instructional innovations through blended learning. In PiccianoA. G.DziubanC. (Eds.), Blended learning research perspectives (pp. 161–178).
Nedham, MA: The Sloan Consortium.
20.
TwiggC. A. (2003, September/October). Improved learning and reducing costs: New models for online learning. Educause Review, 38, 28–38.
21.
VaughnN. (2007). Perspectives on blended learning in higher education. International Journal of E-Learning, 6(1):81–94.
22.
U.S. Department of Education. (2006). Digest of education statistics: 2006 (NCES 2007-017).
Washington, DC: National Center for Education Statistics.
23.
YoungJ. R. (2002, March22). “Hybrid” teaching seeks to end the divide between traditional and online instruction. The Chronicle of Higher Education. Retrieved fromhttp://chronicle.com/free/v48/i28/28a03301.htm