Exploring boundaries and meanings of public value, the authors seek to identify some of the impediments to progress in the study of public values. The study of public values is often hamstrung by more general problems in the study of values. The authors begin by identifying analytical problems in the study of values and public values. Then they take stock of the public values universe. To identify public value concepts, relevant literature is reviewed and interpreted. Finally, the analytical questions posed in the first section are addressed, focusing specifically on issues related to the hierarchy, causality, and proximity of public values.
Antonsen, M. , & Beck Jørgensen, T. (1997). The `publicness' of public organizations . Public Administration, 75, 337-357 .
2.
Beck Jørgensen, T. (1993). Modes of governance and administrative change . In J. Kooiman (Ed.), Modern governance. New government-society interactions (pp. 219-232). London: Sage .
3.
Bevir, M. , & Rhodes, R.A.W. (2001). Decentering tradition: Interpreting British government . Administration & Society , 33(2), 107-132 .
4.
Bohman, J. (2000). Public deliberation: Pluralism, complexity, and democracy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press .
5.
Bozeman, B. (1987). All organizations are public. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass .
6.
Bozeman, B. (2002). Public value failure: When efficient markets may not do . Public Administration Review, 62, 134-151 .
7.
Brereton, M. , & Temple, M. (1999). The new public service ethos: An ethical environment for governance . Public Administration, 77, 455-474 .
8.
Butler, R. (1993). The evolution of the civil service—A progress report . Public Administration, 71, 395-406 .
9.
Butler, R. (1994). Reinventing British government . Public Administration, 72, 263-270 .
10.
Caiden, G.E. (1991). Administrative reform comes of age. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter .
11.
Chapman R. A. (Ed.). (1993). Ethics in public service. Edinburgh, UK: Edinburgh University Press .
12.
Christensen T. , & Lægreid, P. (1997). Forvaltningspolitikk—mot new public management [Administrative reform policies—Toward new public management]. In T. Christensen & M. Egeberg (Eds.), Forvaltningskunnskap (pp. iii-vi). Oslo , Norway: Tano-Aschehoug .
13.
Dahl, R. , & Lindblom, C. (1953). Politics, economics and welfare. Chicago: University of Chicago Press .
14.
deLeon, L. (1994). The professional values of public managers, policy analysts and politicians . Public Personnel Management, 23, 135-152 .
15.
Denhardt, K.G. (1988). The ethics of public service. Resolving moral dilemmas in public organizations. New York: Greenwood Press .
16.
Denhardt, R.B. (1993). The pursuit of significance. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth .
17.
DJF' s fagligt etiske arbejdsgruppe. (1993). Fagligt etiske principper i offentlig administration. Betænkning afgivet af DJF' s fagligt etiske arbejdsgruppe [Professional and ethical principles in public administration. Report prepared by the Public Employees' Union]. Copenhagen , Denmark: Jurist-og konomforbundets Forlag .
18.
Egeberg, M. (1994). Verdier i statsstyre og noen organisatoriske implikasjoner [Governmental values and organizational implications]. In T. Christensen & M. Egeberg (Eds.), Forvaltningskunnskap (pp. 334-351). Oslo , Norway: Tano .
19.
Eriksen, E.O. (1993). Den offentlige dimension. Verdier og styring i offentlig sektor [The public dimension. Values and governance in the public sector]. Bergen , Norway: Tano .
20.
Forvaltningspolitiska Kommssionen. (1997). I medborgarnas tjänst. En samlet Förvaltningspolitik för staten [Public service. General principles in central government] (SOU 1997:57). Stockholm , Sweden: Finansdepartementet .
21.
Frederickson, H.G. (1997). The spirit of public administration. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass .
22.
Goodsell, C.T. (1989). Balancing competing values. In J. L. Perry (Ed.), Handbook of public administration (pp. 575-601). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass .
23.
Goodsell, C.T. (1990). Public administration and the public interest . In G. L. Wamsley (Ed.), Refounding public administration (pp. 96-113). London: Sage .
24.
Goodsell, C.T. (1994). The case for bureaucracy. Chatham, UK: Chatham House .
25.
Greenaway, J. (1995). Having the bun and the halfpenny: Can old public service ethics survive in the new Whitehall?Public Administration , 73, 358-374 .
26.
Gregersen, T. (1996). Politiske værdier i et pluralistisk samfund—et forsvar for Rawls [Political values in a pluralistic society—A defense of Rawls] . Politica, 28, 405-423 .
27.
Harmon, M. , & Mayer, R. (1986). Organization theory for public organizations. Boston: Little, Brown .
28.
Heffron, F. (1989). Organization theory and public organizations: The political connection. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall .
29.
Hermansen-utvalget. (1989). En bedre organisert stat [A better organized state] (NOU 1989:5). Oslo , Norway: Statens Trykningskontor .
Hood, C. (1991). A public management for all seasons . Public Administration, 69(1), 3-19 .
32.
Hooijkaas Wik, M. (2001). Verdier og tilknytningsformer—en studie av vektlegging av verdier og hensyn i virksomhet med ulik tilknytningsform til staten [Values and interorganizational relations—A study of values in state organizations with varying principal-agency relations]. Bergen , Norway: LOS-senteret .
33.
Keating, M. (1995). Public service values . Australian Quarterly, 67(4), 15-25 .
34.
Keraudren, P. (1995). Administrative reform, ethics, and openness: The balance between effectiveness and administrative identity . International Review of Administrative Sciences, 61(1), 41-60 .
35.
Kernaghan, K. (1994). The emerging public service culture: Values, ethics, and reforms . Canadian Public Administration, 37, 614-630 .
36.
Kickert, W.J.M. (1997). Public governance in the Netherlands: An alternative to Anglo-American `managerialism .' Public Administration, 75, 731-752 .
37.
Lawton, A. , & Rose, A.G. (1994). Organisation and management in the public sector . London: Pitman Publishing .
38.
Lundquist, L. (1998). Demokratins väktare [Guardians of democracy]. Lund, Sweden: Studentlitteratur .
39.
Lundquist, L. (2001). Medborgardemokratin och eliterna [Citizen-oriented democracy and elites]. Lund, Sweden: Studentlitteratur .
40.
Melchior, M. , & Melchior, A. (2001). A case for particularism in public administration . Administration & Society,33, 251-275 .
41.
Milward, H.B. (1996). The changing character of the public sector. In J. L. Perry (Ed.), Handbook of public administration (pp. 77-91). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass .
42.
Moore, M. (1995). Creating public value: Strategic management in government. Boston: Harvard University Press .
43.
Nolan Committee on Standards in Public Life. ( 1995). Standards in public life. First report of the Committee on Standards in Public Life. London: HMSO .
44.
Oecd. (1995). Governance in transition. Public management reforms in OECD countries. Paris: OECD .
45.
Oecd. (1996a). Ethics in the public service . Paris: OECD .
46.
Oecd. (1996b). Ministerial symposium on the future of public services. Paris: OECD .
47.
Quinn, R.E. , & Rohrbaugh, J. (1981). A competing values approach to organizational effectiveness . Public Productivity Review, 5, 122-140 .
48.
Rainey, H.G. (1997). Understanding and managing public organizations . San Francisco: Jossey-Bass .
49.
Smith, J. (1991). The public service ethos . Public Administration, 69, 515-523 .
50.
Stewart, J. , & Clarke, M. (1987). The public service orientation: Issues and dilemmas . Public Administration, 65, 161-177 .
51.
Stewart, J. , & Walsh, K. (1992). Change in the management of public services . Public Administration, 70, 499-518 .
52.
Toonen, T.A.J. (1993). Analysing institutional change and administrative transformation: A comparative view . Public Administration , 71, 151-168 .
53.
Van Deth, J.W. , & Scarbrough, E. (1995). The impact of values. Oxford , UK: Oxford University Press/European Science Foundation .
54.
Van Dyke, V. (1962). The study of values in political science . Journal of Politics, 43(3), 2-34 . Van Wart, M. (1998). Changing public sector values . Hamden, CT: Garland .
55.
Wamsley, G.L. , & Wolf, J.F. (1996). Refounding democratic public administration. Modern paradoxes, postmodern challenges. London: Sage .
56.
Weatherford, M.S. (1992). Measuring political legitimacy . American Political Science Review, 86(1), 149-166 .
