Structural and performance optimization of PVAc-modified UP resin permeable concrete

Abstract

Permeable concrete (PC), composed of silicate cement, offers advantages such as cost efficiency, low shrinkage after curing, and excellent water permeability. However, compared to conventional cement concrete, PC exhibits lower mechanical strength and durability. Recent advancements have demonstrated that incorporating resin composites into PC effectively enhances its mechanical properties and durability, leading to the development of high-strength polymer permeable concrete (HPPC). Common resin composites include thermosetting resins such as epoxy resin and unsaturated polyester resin (UP resin), which are characterized by rapid curing, high strength, and durability, making them suitable adhesives for permeable concrete. This study introduces polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) as a low-shrinkage additive to UP resin. PVAc’s favorable polarity and low shrinkage behavior effectively mitigate shrinkage-induced defects such as internal cracks and bubbles during curing. To further optimize the material composition, the Uniform Design Method (UDM) was employed to design and optimize the proportions of UP resin, PVAc, and curing agent. Data analysis using genetic algorithms in MATLAB was combined with Kriging models to map the interactions between material ratios and performance. The goal was to determine the optimal PVAc addition ratio to minimize structural defects, thereby improving compressive strength and durability. Abrasion resistance tests were conducted to compare the performance of the developed materials with conventional modified asphalt. The findings demonstrate that incorporating PVAc effectively enhances structural stability, compressive performance, and abrasion resistance of UP resin-based permeable concrete. This research offers a novel approach to improving the durability of permeable pavement systems, providing valuable insights for future applications in sustainable infrastructure.