Abstract
Villa Portales is an icon of modern architecture and urban planning of the 1950s and 1960s in Santiago de Chile. It embodies the political and institutional project of the time, which sought to respond to the need to establish a balance—although tenuous—in a fragile and strained economic and political system. This fact is crucial to understanding its socio-spatial objective, the administrative model it employed, and especially the crisis it has endured. The testimony of current Villa Portales dwellers points to a deterioration of its residents’ quality of life beginning in the 1980s with the changes in the role of the state introduced by the military dictatorship, the privatization of public services, and the termination of the Caja de Previsión de Empleados Particulares (Private Employees’ Pension Fund). Despite all this, the community was able to make this space a place of resistance and new meaning based on the sense of belonging arising from its architecture and its history.
Villa Portales es un ícono de la arquitectura moderna y de la planificación urbana de los años 50 y 60 en Santiago de Chile. Encarna el proyecto político e institucional de su tiempo, que trataba de responder a la necesidad de establecer un equilibrio—aunque fuera tenue — en un sistema económico y político frágil y al límite de sus capacidades. Esto es crucial si queremos entender su objetivo socio-espacial, el modelo administrativo que usó y, especialmente, la crisis que experimentó. El testimonio de los residentes actuales de Villa Portales señala un deterioro en la calidad de vida que comenzó en los 80 con los cambios en el rol del estado implantados por la dictadura militar, la privatización de los servicios públicos y la terminación de la Caja de Previsión de Empleados Particulares. A pesar de esto, la comunidad fue capaz de convertir este espacio en un lugar de resistencia con nuevos significados gracias al sentido de pertenencia que surge de su arquitectura y su historia.
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