This study examined the role that the United States, European, and Japanese (bio)-pharmaceutical industries have played in the discovery, development, production, and marketing of biopharmaceuticals worldwide. The findings seem to reiterate the conclusions drawn by a recent report of the National Research Council: 1) most of the discovery research and preclinical research and development (R&D) for biopharmaceuticals took place in the United States, 2) the United States' preeminence in the field was not only maintained, but intensified, throughout the 1980s, and 3) the strong United States R&D base has not been paralleled in manufacturing and marketing worldwide.
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