J. P. Moreland (1998) argues philosophically for rein-corporating the classical Christian concept of the soul as immaterial substance in order to resolve inadequacies of the psychoanalytic concept of the self. I suggest possible psychotherapy applications regarding empathy, respect, sensory pleasure/pain, psychotherapy goals, stages of spiritual development, and ultimate Christian human potential. I recommend study of saints and classical Christian writings on spiritual development and summarize Groeschel's (1983) model as an example. Reincorporating other classical Christian concepts such as heart, faith, spirit, and soul ordering may prove helpful. Historical and contemporary philosophers, theologians, and contemplatives may stimulate further applications.
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