Cyclospora cayetanensis is an emerging notifiable food-and-water-borne coccidian parasite causing gastro-intestinal-disease in humans. Detailed information about its biology-associated risk-factors and routes of transmission remain poorly understood; the lack-of-comprehensive epidemiological data underlines a critical need for targeted research into effective prevention and control. Acid variable (pink to brilliant red colour) oocysts of Cyclospora spp. were observed in 16/162 samples, predominantly in 51–60 years males in October. Most cases were among transplant recipients presenting with diarrhoea, therapeutic options among whom remains limited.
HelmyMMRashedLAAbdel-FattahHS. Co-infection with Cryptosporidium parvum and Cyclospora cayetanensis in immunocompromised patients. J Egypt Soc Parasitol2006; 36: 613–627.
2.
AshfordRW. Occurrence of an undescribed coccidian in man in Papua New Guinea. Ann Trop Med Parasitol1979; 73: 497–500.
3.
HuangPWeberJTSosinDM, et al.The first reported outbreak of diarrheal illness associated with Cyclospora in the United States. Ann Inter Med1995; 123: 409–414.
4.
OrtegaYRGilmanRHSterlingCR. A new coccidian parasite (apicomplexa: eimeriidae) from humans. J Parasitol1994; 80: 625–629.
5.
ChenYQinZLiJ, et al.The global prevalence of Cyclospora cayetanensis infection: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and meta-regression. Acta Trop2024; 253: 107175.
OrtegaYRSanchezR. Update on Cyclospora cayetanensis, a food-borne and waterborne parasite. Clin Microbiol Rev2010; 23: 218–234.
9.
ShlimDRCohenMTEatonM, et al.An alga-like organism associated with an outbreak of prolonged diarrhea among foreigners in Nepal. Am J Trop Med Hyg1991; 45: 383–389.
10.
GiangasperoAGasserRB. Human cyclosporiasis. Lancet Infect Dis2019; 19: e226–e236.
11.
KaranjaRMGateiWWamaeN. Cyclosporiasis: an emerging public health concern around the world and in Africa. Afr Health Sci2007; 7: 62–67.
12.
DuguidFP. Staining methods. In: ColleeJGMarmionBPFraserAG, et al. (eds) Mackie and McCartney practical medical microbiology. 14th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone, 2015, pp.793–812.
13.
SardarSKGoelGGhosalA, et al.First case report of cyclosporiasis from eastern India: incidence of Cyclospora cayetanensis in a patient with unusual diarrheal symptoms. J Infect Dev Ctries2023; 17: 1037–1040.
14.
HusainUSharmaAKhuranaS, et al.Cyclosporiasis in an immunocompromised patient who had undergone renal allograft transplant: a rare case report. Indian J Med Microbiol2022; 40: 465–467.
15.
GhoshalUSiddiquiTTejanN, et al.Cyclosporiasis in immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients: a twelve years experience from a tertiary care centre in northern India. Trop Parasitol2022; 12: 94–98.
16.
KatiyarMGulatiRParameswaranS, et al.A new single run polymerase chain reaction assay for cyclosporiasis in immunocompromised patients. IP Inter J Med Microbiol Trop Dis2021; 7: 207–212.
17.
YadavPKhalilSMirdhaBR, et al.Molecular characterization of clinical isolates of Cyclospora cayetanensis from patients with diarrhea in India. Indian J Med Microbiol2015; 33: 351–356.
18.
DhanabalJSelvadossPPMuthuswamyK. Comparative study of the prevalence of intestinal parasites in low socioeconomic areas from South Chennai, India. J Parasitol Res2014; 2014: –7.
19.
NagamaniKRaoPPRMathurG, et al.Prevalence of cryptosporidium, Cyclospora cayetanensis and isospora belli infection among diarrheal patients in South India. Trop Med Health2008; 36: 131–136.
20.
AshihabegumMADhanabalanPSucilathangamG, et al.Prevalence of Cyclospora cayetanensis in HIV positive individuals in a tertiary care hospital. J Clin Diag Res2012; 6: 382–384.
