Using a factor-cluster market segmentation approach, this study attempted to delineate the motivations of Japanese travelers who travel abroad for pleasure. Based on six delineated push motivation factors, cluster analysis was employed to identify similar respondents based on their motivations. The findings show that there are three distinct groups: sports seekers, novelty seekers, and family/relaxation seekers. Age and education variables were shown to be statistically significant among the three groups. The article concludes with market ing implications of the study results and suggestions for future research.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ahmed, Z. U., and F. B Krohn (1992). "Understanding the Unique Consumer Behavior of Japanese Tourists."Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 1 (3): 73-86.
2.
Crompton, J. L. (1979). "Motivations of Pleasure Vacation."Annals of Tourism Research, 6 (4): 408-24.
3.
Dann, G. (1977). "Anomie, Ego-Enhancement and Tourism."Annals of Tourism Research, 4 (4): 184-94.
4.
Dybka, J (1988). "Overseas Travel to Canada: New Research on the Perceptions and Preferences of the Pleasure Travel Market."Journal of Travel Research, 26 (Spring): 12-15.
5.
Fisher, R. J., and L. L. Price (1991). "International Pleasure Travel Motivations and Post Vacation Cultural Attitude Change."Journal of Leisure Research, 23 (3) 193-208.
6.
Gitelson, J. R., and J. L. Crompton (1983). "The Planning Horizons and Sources of Information Used by Pleasure Vacationers."Journal of Travel Research, 14 (Winter): 2-7.
7.
Gitelson, J. R., and D. Kerstetter (1990). "The Relationship between Socio-demographic Variables, Benefits Sought and Subsequent Vacation Behavior: A Case Study."Journal of Travel Research, 28 (Winter): 24-29.
8.
Goodrich, J (1980). "Benefit Segmentation of U.S. International Travelers: An Empirical Study with American Express." In Tourism Marketing and Management. Washington, DC: George Washington University Tourism Program, pp. 133-47.
9.
Hair, J. F., R. E. Anderson , R. L. Tatham, and W. C. Black (1992). Multivariate Data Analysis. 3d ed. New York : Macmillan.
10.
Hall, C. M. (1994). Tourism in the Pacific Region: Development, Impacts, and Markets. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
11.
Jamrozy, U , and M. Uysal (1994). "Travel Motivation Variation of Overseas German Visitors."Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 6 (3/4): 135-60.
12.
Jurowski, C., M. Uysal, and F. P. Noe (1993). "U S. Virgin Islands National Park: A Factor-Cluster Segmentation Study" Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing, 1 (4): 3-31.
13.
Latham, J (1994). "International Tounsm Statistics, 1991." In Progress in Tourism, Recreation and Hospitality Management, edited by C. P. Cooper and A. Lockwood.New York: John Wiley and Sons.
14.
Locker, L., and R. Perdue (1992). "A Benefit-based Segmentation of a Nonresident Summer Travel Market."Journal of Travel Research , 31 (Summer): 30-35.
15.
Lundberg, D. E., and C. B. Lundberg (1993). International Travel and Tourism. 2d ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons.
16.
Moisey, N., and S. McCool (1990). "The Benefit Segmentation: Expenditure Connection." TTRA, Proceedings. Salt Lake City: University of Utah, Bureau of Economic and Business Research, pp. 375-81.
17.
Morris, S. (1990). The Japanese Overseas Travel Market in the 1990s. London: Business International.
18.
Nozawa, H. (1992). "A Marketing Analysis of Japanese Outbound Travel."Tourism Management , 13 (2): 226-34.
19.
Pearce, P. L., and M. L. Caltabiano (1983). "Inferring Travel Motivation from Travelers' Experiences."Journal of Travel Research , 22 (Fall): 16-20.
20.
Polunin, I. (1989). "Japanese Travel Boom."Tourism Management, 10 (1): 4-8.
21.
Pyo, S., B. Mihalik, and M. Uysal (1989). "Attraction Attributes and Motivations : A Canomcal Correlation Analysis."Annals of Tourism Research, 16 (2): 277-82.
22.
Sharpe, J. L. (1990). "Directions for the 90s: Lessons from Japan."Cornell Hotel and Restaurant Administration Quarterly, 31 (1): 98-103.
23.
Shoemaker, S. (1989). "Segmentation of the Senior Pleasure Travel Market."Journal of Travel Research, 27 (Winter): 14-21.
24.
Uysal, M., and L. Hagan (1993). "Motivation of Pleasure Travel and Tourism."Encyclopedia of Hospitality and Tourism, edited by M. Khan, M. Olsen, and T. Var.New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, pp. 798-810.
25.
Uysal, M., and C. Jurowski (1993). "An Empirical Testing of the Push and Pull Factors of Tourist Motivations." In Proceedings of 1993 CHRIE Conference. Chicago, pp. 162-63.
26.
Uysal, M., C. McDonald, and L. Reid (1990). "Sources of Information Used by International Visitors to U.S. Parks and Natural Areas."Journal of Park and Recreation Administration , 8 (1): 51-59.
27.
Woodside, A., and L. Jacobs (1985). "Step Two in Benefit Segmentation: Learning the Benefits Realized by Major Travel Markets."Journal of Travel Research, 24 (Fall): 7-13.
28.
Yuan, S., and C. McDonald (1990). "Motivational Determinants of International Pleasure Time."Journal of Travel Research, 24 (Fall): 42-44.
29.
Ziff-Levin, W. (1990). "The Cultural Logic Gap: A Japanese Tourism Research Experience."Tourism Management, 11 (2): 105-10.
