Public policy makers in developing economies are often faced with the question of whether inbound tourism growth plays a catalytic role in the overall economic development. This article challenges the popular assumption, and the implicit assertion within much of the literature, that tourism is an effective vehicle of welfare improvement. It does so by providing a broader theoretic approach for examining tourism within an integrated trade framework.
Adams, P.D., and B.R. Parmenter (1995). “An Applied General Equilibrium Analysis of the Economic Effects of Tourism in a Quite Small, Quite Open Economy.” Applied Economics, 27 (10): 985-94.
2.
Algieri, B. (2006). “International Tourism Specialisation of Small Countries.” International Journal of Tourism Research , 8: 1-12.
3.
Archer, B.H. (1973). “The Impact of Domestic Tourism.” Bangor Occasional Papers in Economics, no. 2. Cardiff: University of Wales Press.
4.
Balaguer, J., and M. Cantavella-Jordá (2002). “Tourism as a Long-Run Economic Growth Factor: The Spanish Case.” Applied Economics , 34: 877-84.
5.
Baum, T. (2006). Human Resource Management for Tourism, Hospitality and Leisure: An International Perspective. Clifton Park, NY: Thomson.
6.
Bhagwati, J.N. (1958). “Immiserizing Growth: A Geometrical Note .” Review of Economic Studies, 25 (3): 201-5.
7.
Blake, A., R. Durbarry, J.L. Eugenio-Martin, N. Gooroochurn, B. Hay, J. Lennon, M.T. Sinclair, G. Sugiyarto, and I. Yeoman (2006). “Integrating Forecasting and CGE Models: The Case of Tourism in Scotland.” Tourism Management , 27: 292-305.
8.
Blake, A., T. Sinclair, and G. Sugiyarto (2003). “Tourism and Globalization: Economic Impact in Indonesia.” Annals of Tourism Research, 30 (3): 683-701.
9.
Brau, R., A. Lanza, and F. Pigliaru (2005). “An Investigation on the Growth Performance of Small Tourism Countries.” In The Economics of Tourism and Sustainable Development, edited by A. Lanza, A. Markandya, and F. Pigliaru. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar , pp. 87-103.
10.
Bryden, J. (1973). Tourism and Development: A Case Study of Commonwealth Caribbean. London: Cambridge University Press.
11.
Chesney, M., and B.R. Hazari (2003). “Illegal Migrants, Tourism and Welfare: A Trade Theoretic Approach.” Pacific Economic Review , 8 (3): 259-68.
12.
Copeland, B.R. (1991). “Tourism, Welfare and De-industrialization in a Small Open Economy.” Economica, 58: 515-29.
13.
Dwyer, L., P. Forsyth, J. Madden, and R. Spurr (2000). “Economic Impacts of Inbound Tourism under Different Assumptions regarding the Macroeconomy.” Current Issues in Tourism, 3 (4): 325-63.
14.
Dwyer, L., P. Forsyth, and R. Spurr (2004). “Evaluating Tourism's Economic Effects: New and Old Approaches.” Tourism Management, 25: 307-17.
15.
Dwyer, L., P. Forsyth, R. Spurr, and T. Ho (2005). The Economic Impacts and Benefits of Tourism in Australia: A General Equilibrium Approach. Gold Coast, Australia: Sustainable TourismCRC.
16.
Dwyer, R.L., and P. Forsyth (1993). “Assessing the Benefits and Costs of Inbound Tourism.” Annals of Tourism Research, 20 (4): 751-68.
17.
Fletcher, J. (1994). “Input-Output Analysis” In Tourism Marketing and Management Handbook, 2nd ed., edited by S. Witt and L. Moutinho.London: Prentice Hall, pp. 480-84.
18.
Gooroochurn, N., and M.T. Sinclair (2005). “Economics of Tourism Taxation: Evidence from Mauritius.” Annals of Tourism Research, 32(2): 478-98.
19.
Gormsen, E. (1997). “The Impact of Tourism on Coastal Areas .” Geo Journal, 42 (1): 39-54.
20.
Gössling, S., and U. Schulz (2005). “Tourism-Related Migration in Zanzibar, Tanzania.” Tourism Geographies, 7 (1): 43-62.
21.
Gunduz, L., and A. Hatemi-J. (2005). “Is the Tourism-Led Growth Hypothesis Valid for Turkey?” Applied Economics Letters, 12: 499-504.
22.
Harris, J.R., and M.P. Todaro (1970). “Migration, Unemployment and Development: A Two-Sector Analysis.” American Economic Review, 60: 126-42.
23.
Hazari, B.R., and C. Kaur (1995). “Tourism and the Welfare in the Presence of Pure Monopoly in the Non-Traded Goods Sectors.” International Review of Economics and Finance, 2(4): 171-77.
24.
Hazari, B.R., and J-J. Nowak (2003). “Tourism, Guest Workers and Resident Immiserization .” Journal of Developing Areas, 36 (2): 101-24.
25.
International Labor Organization (ILO) (1989 ). Productivity and Training in the Hotel, Catering and Tourism Sector. Geneva: Hotel, Catering and Tourism Committee, ILO.
26.
——— (2001). Human Resources Development, Employment and Globalization in the Hotel. Geneva: Catering and Tourism Sector, ILO.
27.
Kim, J.H., M-H. Chen, and S.J. SooCheong (2006). “Tourism expansion and economic development: the case of Taiwan.” Tourism Management, 27: 925-33.
28.
Latimer, H. (1985). “Developing Island Economies: Tourism v. Agriculture.” Tourism Management, 6: 32-42.
29.
Lucas, R. (2004). Employment Relations in the Hospitality and Tourism Industries. London: Routledge.
30.
Neary, J. P., and S. Van Wijnbergen, eds. (1986). Natural Resources and the Macroeconomy. Oxford: Basil Blackwell.
31.
Nowak, J-J., and M. Sahli (1999). “L'analyse d'un Boom Touristique dans une Petite Economie Ouverte.” Revue d'Economie Politique , 105 (5): 729-49.
32.
Nowak, J-J., M. Sahli, and P. Sgro (2003). “Tourism, Trade and Domestic Welfare.” Pacific Economic Review, 8 (3): 245-58.
33.
Page, S. (1999). Tourism and Development: The Evidence from Mauritius, South Africa and Zimbabwe. Internal ODI Working Paper. London: ODI. http://www.odi.org.uk/iedg/publications/finalpage.pdf (accessed November 5, 2006).
34.
Parsons, J.J. (1989). “The Canary Island Search for Stability .” Focus, 35 (2): 22-29.
35.
Sahli, M., and B.R. Hazari (2005). “Tourism, Employment and National Welfare .” Asia-Pacific Journal of Accounting and Economics , 12 (2): 155-64.
36.
Telfer, J.D., and G. Wall (1996). “Linkages between Tourism and Food Production .” Annals of Tourism Research, 23 (3): 635-53.
37.
Tyrakowski, K. (1986). “The Role of Tourism in Land Utilization Conflicts on the Spanish Mediterranean Coast.” Geojournal , 13: 19-26.
38.
Vorlaufer, K. (1979). “Fremdenverkehrswirtschaftliche Entwicklung und Arbeiter- wanderungen in Kenya. Das Beispiel der Küstenzone.” Erdkunde, 33: 129-44.
39.
Weaver, D. (1988). “The Evolution of a Plantation Tourism Landscape on the Carribbean Island of Antigua.” Tiddschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geographie, 79: 319-31.
40.
World Tourism Organization (2001). “ The Least Developed Countries and International Tourism.” In Tourism in the Least Developed Countries, edited by the World Tourism Organization . Madrid: World Tourism Organization .
41.
——— (2006). “Tourism Highlights: 2006 Edition.” Madrid: World Tourism Organization.
42.
Zhou, D., J.F. Yanagida, U. Chakravorty, and P. Leung (1997). “Estimating Economic Impacts from Tourism .” Annals of Tourism Research, 24 (1): 76-89.
