We have studied the kinetics of the graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate on jute fibers using a ceric ion/glycine redox initiating system, including the effects of concentrations of monomer, Ce(IV), and glycine on graft yield. In addition, we have investigated the effects of time, temperature, acid, amount of jute fiber, and some inorganic salts and organic solvents on graft yield. The most remarkable features of the investigation include the proposition of a mechanism and the suggestion of opti mum conditions for effective grafting.
Get full access to this article
View all access options for this article.
References
1.
Ananthanarayanan, V.S., and Santappa , M., Kinetics of Vinyl Polymerization Initiated by Ceric Ion in Aqueous Solution, Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers Initiated by Ceric Ions, Proc. Ind. Acad Sci.62, 150 (1965).
2.
Das, J., Mohanty, A.K., and Singh, B.C., Fenton's Reagent Initiated Graft Copolymerization of Acrylonitrile onto Jute Fibers, J. Polym. Mater.6, 91-96 (1989).
3.
Hebeish, A., Abdel-Bary, E. M., El-Rafie, M. H., El-Hussini, A., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers on Modified Cottons, Grafting of Methyl Methacrylate onto Partially Carboxymethylated Cotton Using Iron (2+)-Hydrogen Peroxide Redox System, Cellul. Chem. Technol.14 (2), 159-167 (1980).
4.
Hebeish, A., El-Rafie, M.H., Abdel-Bary, E. M., and El-Hussini, A., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers on Modified Cottons, Continuous and Semi-continuous Methods of Grafting of Partially Carboxymethylated Cotton with Acrylamide, Angew. Makromol. Chem.88, 89-102 (1980).
5.
Hebeish, A., El-Aref, A. T., El-Rafie, M. H., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers onto Modified Cottons, Cerium Induced Grafting of Methyl Methacrylate onto Allylated Cotton, Angew. Makromol. Chem.78, 195-210 (1979).
6.
Hebeish, A., El-Rafie, M.H., El-Kashouti, M.A., and EI-Sissi, F., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers on Modified Cottons, Copper (2+) Hydrazine Hydrate Redox System Induced Grafting of Methyl Methacrylate on Periodate Oxidized Cellulose, Angew. Makromol. Chem.93 (1), 97-109, (1981).
7.
Hebeish, A., El-Rafie, M.H., El-Kashouti, M.A., and EI-Sissi, F., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers on Modified Cottons, Grafting of Methyl Methacrylate and Acrylonitrile on Cotton Treated with N-methylol Cross-linking Agents Using Tetravalent Cerium as the Initiator , J. Appl. Polym. Sci.26 (12), 3995-4009 (1981).
8.
Hebeish, A., El-Rafie, M.H., and EI-Sissi, F., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers on Modified Cottons, Ceric Induced Grafting of Acrylonitrile on Cellulose Bearing Nitrogen Containing Groups, Angew. Makromol. Chem.95 (1), 199-211 (1981).
9.
Hebeish, A., Waly, A., Abdel-Bary, S., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers on Modified Cottons, Grafting of Methylmethacrylate on Tertiary Aminated Cotton Using the Bisulfite-Hydrogen Peroxide Redox System, Cellul. Chem. Technol.15 (4), 441-446 (1981).
10.
Hebeish, A. , Waly, A., Khalil , E.M., and El-Rafie , M.H., Graft Copolymerization of Vinyl Monomers on Modified Cottons, Poly( methyl Vinyl Pyridine) Partially Carboxymethylated Cotton, Graft Copolymers as a Base for Flame Resistant Cotton, Cellul. Chem. Technol.14 (2), 169-176 (1980).
11.
Katai, A.A. , Kulshrestha, V.K., and Marchessault , R.H., Ceric Ion Initiated Polymerization of Acrylonitrile in the Presence of Alcohols, Effect of Sulfate Ion Concentration on the Oxidation Kinetics for the Ceric Sulfate-ethylene Glycol System, J. Polym. Sci.C2, 403 (1963).
12.
Khalil, M., Aglan, O.I., Hebeish, A., Behaviour of Cellulose Graft Copolymers Towards Persulfate oxidation Methacrylic Acid Graft Copolymers, Acta. Polym.33 (9), 538-541 (1982).
13.
Mino, G., Kizerman, S., and Rasmussen, E., Polymerization of Acrylamide Initiated by Ceric Nitrate-3-chloro-1-propanol Redox Systems, J. Polym. Sci.38, 393 (1959).
14.
Mohanty, A.K. , Singh, B.C., and Mishra, M., Vanadium-Cyclohexanone-Initiated Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Jute Fibers, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.31, 1763-1769 (1986 ).
15.
Narita, H., Okamoto, S., and Machida, S., Polymerization Mechanism of Methylmethacrylate Initiated with Ceric Ion, Makromol. Chem.125, 15 (1969).
16.
Padhi, N.P. , Rout, S.P., and Singh, B.C., Studies on Aqueous Polymerization of Acrylonitrile Initiated by Ce(IV)-Amino Acid Redox Pair, J. Macromol. Sci. Chem. A 17 (9) 1507-1515 (1982 ) .
17.
Padhi, N.P. , Tripathy, S.S., Jena , S., and Singh, B.C., Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Silk, Ce(IV) Sucrose Redox System, J. Appl. Polym. Sci.28, 1811 (1983).
18.
Ramananda Sharma, Y., and Saiprakash , P.K., Kinetics of Glycine Oxidation by Ce+4 in H2SO4 Medium, Ind. J. Chem.19A, 1175 (1980).
19.
Subramanian, S.N., and Santappa , M., Ceric Ion-Ma-Ionic Acid Redox System for Aqueous Vinyl Polymerization, J. Polym. Sci. A-110, 797 (1972); J. Ind. Chem. Soc. 42, 735 (1965).
20.
Tripathy, S.S. , Jena, S., Mishra , S.B., Padhi, N.P., and Singh, B.C., A Study on Graft Copolymerization of Methyl Methacrylate onto Jute Fiber, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 30, 1399 (1985).