Fabrics treated to several levels of combined formaldehyde by a pad-bake-cure (Form C) process were studied to in vestigate the effects of molecular degradation and crosslink formation on fabric textile properties. Breaking and tearing strengths decreased with increasing severity of treatment. Percentage of strength loss from crosslink embrittlement was initially considerably greater than that from molecular degradation; the former decreased with increasing wrinkle- recovery angle and increasing combined-formaldehyde content while percentage of strength loss from molecular degrada tion increased. A low degree of crosslinking or molecular-chain extension was induced by curing water-wet fabric.
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2.
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Gilbert, S.M. and Smith, B.F., A Degradation Study of Some Formaldehyde-Modified Celluloses, Textile Res. J. 40, 720-727 (1970).
4.
Lewin, M. and Weinstein, S., Oxidation of Formaldehyde— Crosslinked Cotton, Textile Res. J. 37, 751-763 (1967).
5.
Marsh, J.T., "Self-Smoothing Fabrics," London, Chapman and Hall, 1962, p. 156.
6.
Marx-Figini, M. and Schulz, G.V., Die Viskosimetrische Molekulargewichtsbestimmung von Cellulosen und Cellulosennitraten unter Standardbedingungen, Makromol. Chem. 54, 102-118 (1962).
7.
Newman, S., Loeb, L., and Conrad, C.M., Viscosity, Sedimentation, Diffusion, and Osmotic Behavior of Long-Chain Nitrocellulose Molecules, J. Polymer Sci. 10, 463-487 (1953).
8.
Roff, W.J., The Determination of the Formaldehyde Yield of Cellulose Textiles Treated with Formaldehyde, UreaFormaldehyde, or Melamine-Formaldehyde, J. Textile Inst. 47, T309-T318 ( 1956).
9.
Rowland, S.P. and Post, A.W., A Measure of Effective Crosslinks in Formaldehyde-Modified Cotton Celluloses, J. Appl. Polymer Sci . 10, 1751-1761 (1966).
10.
Segal, L. and Timpa, J.D., The Effect of Formaldehyde Crosslinking of Cotton on the Chain Length of the Cellulose Molecule. I. The Form W' Process, Proceedings of the Tenth Cotton Utilization Research Conference, New Orleans, La., April 29-May 1, 1970 (ARS 72-83, 1970); Textile Chem. Colorist 4(3), 31-35 (1972)
11.
Segal, L., Timpa, J.D., and Wadsworth, J.I., Gel Permeation Chromatography and Cellulose. II. Application of Universal Calibration, J. Polymer Sci.A-18, 3577-3589 (1970).
12.
Swenson, H.A., in "Methods of Carbohydrate Chemistry. III. Cellulose," R. L. Whistler, Ed., New York, Academic Press , 1963, pp. 84-88.
13.
Timell, T. and Purvis, C.B., A Study of the Initial Stages of the Methylation of Cellulose, Svensk Papperstidn. 54(9), 303-332 (1951).
