An apparatus and a procedure are descrihed to facilitate saturation of accessible surfaces of solid cellulose with cellulase and to facilitate removal of inhibiting byproducts from the sphere of reaction. Fibrous cotton cellulose (lattice I) was observed to undergo enzymatic hydrolysis (cluture filtrate from T. Viride, 50°C) in a rate curve similar to that resulting from mineral acid hydrolysis (2.5 N HCl, reflux) but with a time scale greater by a factor of 24. Other similarities be tween enzymatic and mineral acid hydrolyses of this fibrous cellulose are brought out.
Amemura, A. and Terui, G.Studies of Fungal Cellulases. 1. Degradation of Wood Pulp by Penicillium variable Cellulase, Proc. Fifth Symp. Cellulase and Related Enzymes , Cellulase Association, Osaka University, Japan, 1965, pp. 33-38.
2.
Blouin, F.A. , Martin, L.F., and Rowland, S.P., Gel-Permeation Properties of Cellulose. Part III: Measurement of Pore Structure of Unmodified and Mercerized Cottons in Fibrous Form, Textile Res. J. 40, 809813 (1970).
3.
Caulfield, D.E. and Staffes, R.A., Water-Induced Kecrystalization of Cellulose , Tappi52, 1361-1366 (1969).
4.
Cowling, E.B. and Brown, W., Structural Features of Cellulosic Materials in Relation to Enzymatic Hydrohsis in "Cellulases and their Application," Advan. Chem. Ser. No. 95, 152-187. (1969).
5.
Dixon, M. and Webb, E.('. "Enzymes," 2nd Ed., New York , Academic Press, 1964, p. 60.
6.
Ghose, T.K.Continuous Enzymatic Saccharification of Cellulose with Culture Filtrates of Trichoderma viride QM 6a, Biotech. Bioeng . 11, 239-261 (1969).
7.
Kassenbeck, P., Bilateral Structure of Cotton Fibers as Revealed by Enzymatic Degradation, Textile Res. J . 40, 330-334 (1970).
8.
Katz, M. and Reese, E.T., Production of Glucose by Enzymatic Hydroysis of Cellulose, Appl. Microbiology16, 419-420 (1968).
9.
King, K.W., Enzymatic Attack on Highly Crystalline Cellulose, Proc. Fifth Symp. Cellulase and Related Enzymes, Cellulase Association, Osaka University, Japan, 1965, pp. 17-32.
Mandels, M. and Reese, E.T., Inhibition of Cellulases in "Ann. Rev. of Phytopathology," Vol. 3, Palo Alto, Calif., Annual Reviews, Inc., 1965, pp. 85-102.
12.
Mandets, M. and Weber, J., The Production of Cellulases in Cellulases and their Applications, Advan. Chem. Ser. No. 95, Eds. G. Hajny and E. T. Reese, Washington, D. C., A. C. S., 1969, pp. 391-414.
13.
Michie, R.C.I. , Shaples, A., and Walter, A.A., The Nature of Arid Sensitive Linkages in Cellulose; J. Palymer Sci. 51, 85-98 (1961).
14.
Patil, N.B. , Dweltz, N.E., and Radhakrishnan , T., X-ray Measurements of Crystallinity and Crystallite Size in Swollen and Hydrolyzed Cottons, Textile Res. J. 32, 460-471 (1962).
15.
Ranby, B., Recent Progress on the Structure and Mophology of Cellulose in "Cellulases and their Application," Advan. Chem. Ser . No. 95, Eds. G. Hajny and E. T. Reese, Washington, D. C., A. C. S., 1969 , pp. 139-151.
16.
Reese, E.T. and Mandels, M., Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Cellulose and its Derivatives in " Methods in Carbohydrate Chemistry," Vol. III, Ed. R. L. Whistler, New York, Academic Press, 1963, pp. 139-141.
17.
Reese, E.T. and Mandels, M., Enzymatic Degradation in "Cellulose and Cellulose Derivatives ," Part 5, N. Bikalis and L. Segal, New York, Wiley-Interscience, 1971, pp. 1079-1094.
18.
Reese, E.T. , Segal, L., and Tripp, V.W., 'I'he Effect of Cellulase on the Degree of Potymerization of Cellulose and Hydrocellulose, Textile Res. J.27, 626-632 (1957).
19.
Rowland, S.P. and Roberts, E.J., The Nature of Accessible Surfaces in the Microstructure of Cotton Cellulose, J. Polymer Sci A-I , 10, 2447 - 2461 (1972 ).
20.
Rowland, S.P. , Roberts, E.J., Bose, J.L., and Wade, C.F., Assessment of the State of Order of Hydroxyl Groups and Molecular Segments in Hydrocellulose, J. Polymer Sci. A-1, 1623-1633 (1971 ).
21.
Selby, K., Maitland, C.C., and Thompson, K.V.A. , The Degradation of Cotton Cellulose by Extracellular Cellulase Myrothecium verrucaria, Biochem. J . 88, 288-296 (1963).
22.
Wadehra, I.J. and Manley, R. St. J., Recrystallization of Amorphous Cellulose , J. Appl. Polymer Sci. 9, 2627-2630 (1965).
23.
Watseth, C.S. , Occurrence of Cellulases in Enzyme Preparations from Microorganisms, Tappi35, 228-233 (1952).
24.
Walseth, C.S. , The Influence of Fine Structure of Cellulose on the Action of Cellulases, Tappi35, 233-238 (1956).
