Abstract
Bromine retention by cotton fabrics which have been processed with carbamate finishing agents has been investigated. Bromine retention results from the formation of bromamide moieties in the treated cotton. Amidic hydrogens in the finished cottons are replaced with bromine by reaction with sodium hypobromite solution to yield relatively unstable bromamides. These bromamides can cause degradation of the fabric by decomposition and release of acidic products upon subsequent heating.
Cotton finished with monomethylol methyl carbamate was used as a model substrate to study the effects of the variables of hypobromite treatment (bromination) on bromine retention by the fabric. These variables were the time and temperature of bromination, and the pH and concentration of the hypobromite solution. Decomposition of the bromamide at ambient and elevated temperatures also was studied.
Bromine retention and damage upon scorching were determined for cotton fabric cross-linked with a series of dimethylol carbamate agents. The results are compared with those obtained upon chlorination of these fabrics.
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