Sensor- and electronics-integrated textiles are on the verge of becoming revolutionary technologies across several arenas, addressing major societal challenges. This review presents the latest advancements in materials, sensor integration techniques, and applications of smart textiles, with a focus on healthcare, fitness, energy solutions, and connectivity. It addresses how sensors embedded in fabric support constant monitoring of essential signs to support personalized medicine and chronic condition management. In addition, the study highlights their role in performance tracking, muscle measurement, safety enhancement, and injury prevention, facilitating the longevity and sustainability of the fabrics. The review also mentions the advancement in energy harvesting technology, including flexible batteries and motion-driven power sources, and data processing, wireless communication (Bluetooth, Wi-Fi), and Internet of Things (IoT) integration. Durability, washability, and data security are the major challenges, along with an overview of the future direction of material innovation and artificial-intelligence-based smart textiles. By presenting a detailed outline of materials, manufacturing methods, and functional applications, this article outlines the possibilities for sensor-invested fabrics to transform wearable technology and augment human well-being.
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