A superhydrophobic aramid fabric with a novel self-cleaning ability and excellent chemical stability was prepared by the two-step coating technique using an easily available material system consisting of a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane, particles of PTFE and silica (SiO2). The chemical resistant layer was achieved through compounding aramid fabric with the PTFE membrane, for which the contact angle was varied from completely infiltrating to 130°. Then the PTFE-coated fabric was modified with PTFE and SiO2 particles to obtain the superhydrophobic layer. The hydrophobicity was significantly enhanced with a contact angle of 154° and rolling angle of 4° due to the role of low surface energy and rough micro/nano structures. Furthermore, the PTFE/SiO2-coated fabric eventually fabricated could withstand at least 300 cycles of abrasion and strong acid/alkaline attacks for 100 hours. In addition, the breathable performance and flexibility of the coated fabric were within our acceptable ranges. The simple but effective PTFE/SiO2-coated fabric may be useful for the development of individual protective clothing for emergency rescue applications.
Mao N. 3 - High performance textiles for protective clothing. In: Lawrence CA (ed.) High Performance Textiles and their Applications. Woodhead Publishing, 2014, pp.91–143.
2.
Schreuder-GibsonHLTruongQWalkerJE, et al.Chemical and biological protection and detection in fabrics for protective clothing. MRS Bull2011; 28: 574–578.
3.
Fatah AA, Barrett JA, Jr RDA, et al. Guide for the selection of personal protective equipment for emergency first responders (respiratory protection). NIJ Guide 102-00, Volume IIa. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2002.
4.
Perepelkin KE. Chemical Fibers with Specific Properties for Industrial Application and Personnel Protection. J Ind Text 2001; 31: 87–102.
5.
MachalabaNNKurylevaNNOkhlobystinaLV, et al.Tver' fibres of the Armos type: manufacture and properties. Fibre Chem2000; 32: 319–324.
6.
ShenCDingLWangB, et al.Superamphiphobic and chemical repellent aramid fabrics for applications in protective clothing. Progr Organic Coating2018; 124: 49–54.
7.
PapajEAMillsDJJamaliSS. Effect of hardener variation on protective properties of polyurethane coating. Progr Organic Coating2014; 77: 2086–2090.
8.
KaurHSharmaJJindalD, et al.Crosslinked polymer doped binary coatings for corrosion protection. Progr Organic Coating2018; 125: 32–39.
9.
QianHZhuYWangH, et al.Preparation and antiscaling performance of superhydrophobic poly(phenylene sulfide)/polytetrafluoroethylene composite coating. Ind Eng Chem Res2017; 56: 12663–12671.
10.
RadwanABMohamedAMAAbdullahAM, et al.Corrosion protection of electrospun PVDF–ZnO superhydrophobic coating. Surface Coating Technol2016; 289: 136–143.
11.
ZhouHWangHNiuH, et al.A waterborne coating system for preparing robust, self-healing, superamphiphobic surfaces. Adv Funct Mater2017; 27: 1604261.
OdochianLMoldoveanuCCarjaG. Contributions to the thermal degradation mechanism under air atmosphere of PTFE by TG–FTIR analysis: influence of the additive nature. Thermochimica Acta2013; 558: 22–28.
14.
GugliuzzaADrioliE. A review on membrane engineering for innovation in wearable fabrics and protective textiles. J Membr Sci2013; 446: 350–375.
KarapanagiotisIGrosuDAslanidouD, et al.Facile method to prepare superhydrophobic and water repellent cellulosic paper. J Nanomater2015; 2015: 1–9.
17.
ZhouHWangHNiuH, et al.Robust, self-healing superamphiphobic fabrics prepared by two-step coating of fluoro-containing polymer, fluoroalkyl silane, and modified silica nanoparticles. Adv Funct Mater2013; 23: 1664–1670.
18.
HareEFShafrinEGZismanWA. Properties of films of adsorbed fluorinated acids. J Phys Chem1954; 58: 236–239.
19.
WengRZhangHLiuX. Spray-coating process in preparing PTFE-PPS composite super-hydrophobic coating. AIP Adv2014; 4: 031327.
20.
KreiderARichterKSellS, et al.Functionalization of PDMS modified and plasma activated two-component polyurethane coatings by surface attachment of enzymes. Appl Surf Sci2013; 273: 562–569.
21.
AnAKGuoJLeeE-J, et al.PDMS/PVDF hybrid electrospun membrane with superhydrophobic property and drop impact dynamics for dyeing wastewater treatment using membrane distillation. J Membr Sci2017; 525: 57–67.
22.
Lim SK, Goh K, Bae T-H, et al. Polymer-based membranes for solvent-resistant nanofiltration: A review. Chin J Chem Eng 2017; 25: 1653–1675.
23.
Luo G, Jin Z, Dong Y, et al. Preparation and performance enhancements of wear-resistant, transparent PU/SiO2 superhydrophobic coating. Surf Eng 2016; 34: 1–7.
24.
Cao M, Luo X, Ren H, et al. Hot water-repellent and mechanically durable superhydrophobic mesh for oil/water separation. J Colloid Interface Sci 2018; 512: 567–574.
25.
Park EJ, Kim HJ, Han SW, et al. Assembly of PDMS/SiO2-PTFE and activated carbon fibre as a liquid water-resistant gas sorbent structure. Chem Eng J 2017; 325: 433–441.
26.
SeoHOWooTGParkEJ, et al.Enhanced photo-catalytic activity of TiO 2 films by removal of surface carbon impurities; the role of water vapor. Appl Surf Sci2017; 420: 808–816.
27.
BielinskiARBobanMHeY, et al.Rational design of hyperbranched nanowire systems for tunable superomniphobic surfaces enabled by atomic layer deposition. ACS Nano2017; 11: 478–489.
28.
ShupeTPiaoCLucasC. The termiticidal properties of superhydrophobic wood surfaces treated with ZnO nanorods. Eur J Wood Wood Prod2011; 70: 531–535.
29.
LiYZhangZZhuX, et al.Fabrication of a superhydrophobic coating with high adhesive effect to substrates and tunable wettability. Appl Surf Sci2015; 328: 475–481.
30.
LeeSGHamDSLeeDY, et al.Transparent superhydrophobic/translucent superamphiphobic coatings based on silica-fluoropolymer hybrid nanoparticles. Langmuir2013; 29: 15051–15057.
31.
WuLZhangJLiB, et al.Mimic nature, beyond nature: facile synthesis of durable superhydrophobic textiles using organosilanes. J Mater Chem B2013; 1: 4756.
32.
YanZXuZWangX, et al.Photoreactive azido-containing silica nanoparticle/polycation multilayers: durable superhydrophobic coating on cotton fabrics. Langmuir2012; 28: 6328.
33.
AslanidouDKarapanagiotisIPanayiotouC. Superhydrophobic, superoleophobic coatings for the protection of silk textiles. Progr Organic Coating2016; 97: 44–52.
34.
Tak-SingWSung HoonKTangSKY, et al.Bioinspired self-repairing slippery surfaces with pressure-stable omniphobicity. Nature2011; 477: 443.
35.
LuoLYuanYDaiY, et al.The novel high performance aramid fibers containing benzimidazole moieties and chloride substitutions. Mater Des2018; 158: 127–135.
36.
Zheng H, Zhang J, Du B, et al. Effect of treatment pressure on structures and properties of PMIA fiber in supercritical carbon dioxide fluid. J Appl Polym Sci 2015; 132: 41756.
37.
PattersonBAMalakootiMHLinJ, et al.Aramid nanofibers for multiscale fiber reinforcement of polymer composites. Compos Sci Technol2018; 161: 92–99.
38.
ZhouHWangHNiuH, et al.Superstrong, chemically stable, superamphiphobic fabrics from particle-free polymer coatings. Adv Mater Interface2015; 2: 1400559.
39.
KimJMChangSMKongSM, et al.Control of hydroxyl group content in silica particle synthesized by the sol-precipitation process. Ceramic Int2009; 35: 1015–1019.
40.
LeeT-MMaC-CM. Nonaqueous synthesis of nanosilica in epoxy resin matrix and thermal properties of their cured nanocomposites. J Polym Sci A Polym Chem2006; 44: 757–768.
41.
Gupta BS, Jelle B, Holme J, et al. Characterization of wood mould fungi by FTIR – a valuable step for prediction of initiation of decay. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components, 12–15 April 2011, pp.1019–1027.
42.
TsujiiKYamamotoTOndaT, et al.Super oil-repellent surfaces. Angewandte Chemie Int Ed1997; 36: 1011–1012.
43.
D'AmorimRAPOTeixeiraMICaldasLVE, et al.Physical, morphological and dosimetric characterization of the Teflon agglutinator to thermoluminescent dosimetry. J Luminescence2013; 136: 186–190.
44.
ChuanyueHUGuoJJinW, et al.Preparation and electrochemical performance of Li_2Fe_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)SiO_4/C cathode material for lithium ion batteries. Electrochem Commun2007; 9: 886–890.
45.
XiaDWangLJ. Sulfuric acid treatment of aramid fiber for improving the cationic dyeing performance. Adv Mater Res2013; 627: 243–247.
46.
Kalsbeek EC and Ruining WJ. Method for spinning and washing aramid fiber and recovering sulfuric acid, US20100319139[P]. 2010-12-23.
47.
FayolleBAudouinLVerduJ. Radiation induced embrittlement of PTFE. Polymer2003; 44: 2773–2780.
48.
WongTSKangSHTangSK, et al.Bioinspired self-repairing slippery surfaces with pressure-stable omniphobicity. Nature2011; 477: 443–447.
49.
Schaeffer DA, Barton Smith D, Lee DF, et al. Optically transparent and environmentally durable superhydrophobic coating based on functionalized SiO2 nanoparticles. Nanotechnology 2015; 26: 055602.
50.
ShengJZhangMXuY, et al.Tailoring water-resistant and breathable performance of polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous membranes modified by polydimethylsiloxane. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces2016; 8: 27218–27226.
51.
YangMKFrenchRHTokarskyEW. Optical properties of Teflon® AF amorphous fluoropolymers. J Microlithogr Microfabricat Microsyst2008; 7: 033010.
52.
GaoLLemarchandFLequimeM. Refractive index determination of SIO2 layer in the UV/VIS/NIR range: spectrophotometric reverse engineering on single and bi-layer designs. J Eur Opt Soc Rapid Publ2013; 8: 3010.
53.
WangJ-JWangD-SWangJ, et al.High transmittance and superhydrophilicity of porous TiO2/SiO2 bi-layer films without UV irradiation. Surface Coating Technol2011; 205: 3596–3599.
54.
Zhang X, Sato O, Taguchi M, et al. Self-cleaning particle coating with antireflection properties. Chem Mater 2005; 17: 696–700.
