Viscose fibers (VFs) modified with silkworm pupa chitosan oligosaccharide (SPCOS) by β-glucosaccharase were prepared in this study. Silkworm pupa underwent the processes of deproteinization, demineralization, decoloration and depolymerization. SPCOS with a DD of 91.64 ± 0.86% and Mw of (2.56 ± 0.15) × 104 g/mol was prepared. The prepared SPCOS was used for the modification of VFs. β-glucosaccharase was used as the enzyme for this modification. The results showed that VFs were successfully modified with SPCOS by β-glucosaccharase. The synthesized VFs modified with SPCOS (VF-SPCOS) were dyed more steadily by anionic dyes than cationic dyes. Furthermore, VF-SPCOS showed a good antibacterial property against E. coli and S. aureus, especially to E. coli. In the reuse study of SPCOS, the antibacterial property to E. coli of VF-SPCOS was still retained at 87.68 ± 1.18% of its initial value after the 12th reuse of SPCOS.
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