L’auteur se penche sur le renouveau de la philanthropie bouddhiste en République Populaire de Chine (RPC) durant la dernière décennie, dans le but d’aborder la problématique plus vaste de l’utilité sociale de la religion aux yeux des autorités politiques et de constater dans quelle mesure les récents débats relatifs à la théorie de la sécularisation peuvent être pertinents vis-à-vis de la réalité chinoise. Un contexte de changements considérables survenus au niveau des conditions politiques, économiques et sociales, caractérisé par un désengagement de l’État dans la prestation de plusieurs services sociaux, révèle l’émergence de la philanthropie bouddhiste. L’auteur décrit quelques organisations qui offrent une assistance aux plus démunis, voire certains services relatifs aux soins de santé et à l’éducation. Cet essor de la philanthropie bouddhiste, cependant, ne peut être interprété comme annonciateur d’un processus de “resacralisation” en Chine, puisque le Parti-État communiste poursuit une politique de sécularisation manifeste.
The author looks into the revival of Buddhist philanthropy in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in the last decade. It seeks to tackle the wider question of the social utility of religion in the eyes of the political authorities and to assess the extent to which recent debates on secularization theory may be relevant to the Chinese situation. The emergence of Buddhist philanthropy is coinciding with considerable changes in political, economic and social conditions, characterized by state disengagement from the provision of social services. The author describes various organizations offering assistance to the poor, as well as certain services related to healthcare and education. Yet this rise in Buddhist philanthropy should not be seen as evidence of a “resacralization” process in China because the communist Party-State continues its policy of manifest secularization.
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