This article' details the explanatory value and inadequacies of three main categories of models proposed to explain fossilization in second language acquisition: interactional models, acculturation models, and biological models. It is argued that difficulties with ex isting accounts of fossilization are due to their failure to distinguish two types of fossilization. Such a distinction is proposed here, along with a change in the terminology of research on fossilization. Finally, a unified account of fossilization is proposed that incorporates com ponents from the three existing models and that explains a broad range of fossilization phenomena.
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